Tag: 200-300

Chemical analysis of filtrate and condensate from wet-carbonized peat by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was written by Kumari, Durga. And the article was included in International Journal of Coal Geology in 1990.Electric Literature of C11H12O4 This article mentions the following:

Peat in its naturally occurring state contains 閳?0 weight% water. To use peat as a source of energy, the bulk of water must be removed by the wet-carbonization process. In this process, wet peat is heated at 500 psi and 400鎺矲 for 40 min of residence time. Wet carbonization of peat also removes a fraction of O from the peat by decarboxylation and dehydration reactions. During wet carbonization, considerable filtrate and condensate is produced, which contains phenols, aromatic acids, n-fatty acids, alkanes, ketones, aldehydes, bicyclic alkanes, etc. Many of these identified compounds were not previously reported in peat studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8Electric Literature of C11H12O4).

3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O閳ユ椊 or N閳ユ椊 bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Electric Literature of C11H12O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

An Ullmann C-O Coupling Reaction Catalyzed by Magnetic Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles was written by Yang, Shuliang;Wu, Cunqi;Zhou, Hua;Yang, Yanqin;Zhao, Yongxia;Wang, Chenxu;Yang, Wei;Xu, Jingwei. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2013.Computed Properties of C15H14O3 This article mentions the following:

Herein, an efficient method for the Ullmann C-O coupling reaction between various kinds of phenols and aryl halides, including amino, ketone, cyano, Me, methoxy, fluoro, chloro and bromo derivatives, is described. The catalyst used, copper ferrite (CuFe₂O₄) nanoparticles, are easily made, air-stable, and of low cost. The catalyst can be recycled easily just by using an external magnet. Even in the presence of sensitive substituents, the reaction proceeds successfully to provide the desired products in high yields without protection of other functional groups. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)phenyl)ethanone (cas: 54916-28-8Computed Properties of C15H14O3).

1-(4-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)phenyl)ethanone (cas: 54916-28-8) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Computed Properties of C15H14O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of coumarins from o-hydroxyaryl alkyl ketones was written by Chakravarti, D.;Majumdar, B.. And the article was included in Science and Culture in 1938.HPLC of Formula: 6972-61-8 This article mentions the following:

In attempting to synthesize naturally occurring coumarins by the method described it was found that (1) when there are 2 alkyl substituents in the 浼? and 灏?positions of the expected cinnamic acid, cis-cinnamic acid is formed and the coumarin is obtained in quant. yield; (2) when there is no substituent in these positions, trans-cinnamic acid is formed and ring closure does not take place to form a coumarin; (3) when only the 浼?position is occupied, trans-cinnamic acid is formed and the coumarin is not formed by ring closure. Thus o-MeOC₆H₄CHO condenses with BrCH₂CO₂Et, giving Et 2-methoxy-trans-cinnamate, b₈ 150鎺? which on hydrolysis yields 2-methoxy-trans-cinnamic acid, m. 182鎺? identical with the compound prepared from o-coumaric acid. Similarly o-MeOC₆H₄CHO and MeCHBrCO₂Et yield Et 2-methoxy-浼?methylcinnamate, b₄ 155鎺? which on hydrolysis produces the acid trans-2-methoxy-浼?methylcinnamic acid, identical with the compound described by Perkin (J. Chem. Soc. 31, 415). 灏?Resorcylaldehyde di-Me ether and BrCH₂CO₂Et give Et 2,4-dimethoxy-trans-cinnamate, b₈ 184鎺? which on hydrolysis gives the 2,4-dimethoxy-trans-cinnamic acid of Perkin and Schiess (J. Chem. Soc. 85, 162). Et 2-methoxy-trans-cinnamate, Et 2-methoxy-浼?methyl-trans-cinnamate and Et 2,4-dimethoxy-trans-cinnamate do not give the expected coumarin derivatives on heating with HI. The method developed is useful in the synthesis of 3,4-dialkylated coumarin derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8HPLC of Formula: 6972-61-8).

3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.HPLC of Formula: 6972-61-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Polypode ligands as phase-transfer catalysts was written by Fornasier, Roberto;Montanari, Fernando;Podda, Gianni;Tundo, Pietro. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 1976.Related Products of 60221-37-6 This article mentions the following:

Polyethers prepared from sym-trichlorotriazine and decylpentaerythritol were phase-transfer catalysts for substitution reactions of Me(CH2)7Br (I), butylation of PhCH2COMe (II), and reduction of Me(CH2)5COMe (III). E.g., I with KI, II with BuBr, and III with NaBH4 in the presence of the triazine derivative IV gave 85% Me(CH2)7I, 78% PhCHBuCOMe, and 97% Me(CH2)5CH(OH)Me, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6Related Products of 60221-37-6).

2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Related Products of 60221-37-6

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of supramolecular complexes based on tetracrown-substituted zinc porphyrinates was written by Mikhailitsyna, E. A.;Tyurin, V. S.;Beletskaya, I. P.. And the article was included in Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces in 2010.Computed Properties of C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

New metal-porphyrin receptors functionalized by aza-crown-ether groups were synthesized. Main paths of supramol. self-assembly of porphyrin aza-crown-ether conjugates to bis-porphyrin sandwich complexes with metal and ammonium cations were studied using spectral methods of anal. (EAS, ¹H, ¹³CNMR, MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry). Principal regularities of axial coordination of the obtained bis-porphyrin complexes with exobidentate ligands (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane and pyrazine) were studied. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Computed Properties of C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O閳ユ椊 or N閳ユ椊 bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Computed Properties of C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Structure-activity relationships of macrolides against Mycobacterium tuberculosis was written by Zhu, Zhaohai J.;Krasnykh, Olga;Pan, Dahua;Petukhova, Valentina;Yu, Gengli;Liu, Yinghui;Liu, Huiwen;Hong, Saweon;Wang, Yuehong;Wan, Baojie;Liang, Wenzhong;Franzblau, Scott G.. And the article was included in Tuberculosis (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2008.Safety of 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane This article mentions the following:

Existing 14, 15 and 16-membered macrolide antibiotics, while effective for other bacterial infections, including some mycobacteria, have not demonstrated significant efficacy in tuberculosis. Therefore an attempt was made to optimize this class for activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis through semisyntheses and bioassay. Approx. 300 macrolides were synthesized and screened for anti-TB activity. Structural modifications on erythromycin were carried out at positions 3, 6, 9, 11, and 12 of the 14-membered lactone ring; as well as at position 4″ of cladinose and position 2′ of desosamine. In general, the synthesized macrolides belong to four subclasses: 9-oxime, 11,12-carbamate, 11,12-carbazate, and 6-O-substituted derivatives Selected compounds were assessed for mammalian cell toxicity and in some cases were further assessed for CYP3A4 inhibition, microsome stability, in vivo tolerance and efficacy. The activity of 11,12-carbamates and carbazates as well as 9-oximes is highly influenced by the nature of the substitution at these positions. For hydrophilic macrolides, lipophilic substitution may result in enhanced potency, presumably by enhanced passive permeation through the cell envelope. This strategy, however, has limitations. Removal of the C-3 cladinose generally reduces the activity. Acetylation at C-2′ or 4″ maintains potency of C-9 oximes but dramatically decreases that of 11,12-substituted compounds Further significant increases in the potency of macrolides for M. tuberculosis may require a strategy for the concurrent reduction of ribosome methylation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2Safety of 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane).

1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Safety of 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Aza-crown-ether functionalized graphene oxide for gas sensing and cation trapping applications was written by Valt, M.;Fabbri, B.;Gaiardo, A.;Gherardi, S.;Casotti, D.;Cruciani, G.;Pepponi, G.;Vanzetti, L.;Iacob, E.;Malagu, C.;Bellutti, P.;Guidi, V.. And the article was included in Materials Research Express in 2019.Formula: C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

Graphene oxide has been functionalized with 1-aza-15-crown-5 ether via chem. route synthesis. Modification of graphene oxide was achieved via nucleophilic attack where the amine groups of an aza-crown ether mol. can easily react with the epoxy sites of graphene oxide basal plane. Owing to the inherent two-dimensional character of graphene oxide, it resulted in large specific-surface material with strong affinity for charged chem. species. Such property was exploited for reversible and controlled interaction of adsorbed species, envisaging two possible applications of the functionalized graphene oxide. Thus, an easy-to-fabricate and high-sensitivity functionalized graphene oxide-based gas sensor was achieved. The sensing material proved to be highly stable and capable of selectively detecting humidity at room temperature over a wide range of concentrations Moreover, the porous scaffold built by the functionalization, together with the well-known affinity of crown ethers to metal ions, allow the use of aza-crown ether functionalized graphene oxide for cation trapping application, e.g. pre-concentration of trace amount of metals or filter for water. Remarkable results in this field have been obtained with respect to some heavy-metal cations of environmental interest. We also demonstrated significant enhancement in performance vs. pure graphene oxide in both tested applications. More generally, the functionalization approach we pursued appears to be quite flexible in the tested applications. In fact, with an appropriate selection of crown ethers with specific cage-like structure, functionalized graphene oxide allows the capture of any desired guest in order to prepare a wide range of other crown-ether-GO nanocomposites for different applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Formula: C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Formula: C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A novel multikinase inhibitor SKLB-YTH-60 ameliorates inflammation and fibrosis in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis mouse models was written by Liu, Hongyao;Wu, Xiuli;Gan, Cailing;Wang, Liqun;Wang, Guan;Yue, Lin;Liu, Zhihao;Wei, Wei;Su, Xingping;Zhang, Qianyu;Tan, Zui;Yao, Yuqin;Ouyang, Liang;Yu, Luoting;Ye, Tinghong. And the article was included in Cell Proliferation in 2021.Synthetic Route of C14H21BO4 This article mentions the following:

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is marked by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, which participates in a variety of chronic diseases or injuries and seriously threatens human health. Due to the side effects of clin. drugs, there is still a need to develop novel and less toxic drugs to treat pulmonary fibrosis. SKLB-YTH-60 was developed through computer-aided drug design, de novo synthesis and high-throughput screening. We employed the bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis animal models and used TGF-灏?sub>1 to induce the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of A549 cells in vitro. Meanwhile, the protein expression of collagen I and the 浼?smooth muscle actin (浼?SMA), E-cadherin, p-FGFR1, p-PLC绾? p-Smad2/3 and p-Erk1/2 was detected by western blot. YTH-60 has obvious anti-proliferative activity on fibroblasts and A549 cells. Moreover, YTH-60 could impair the EMT of A549 cells and suppressed fibrosis by inhibiting FGFR and TGF-灏?Smad-dependent pathways. I.p. administration of preventive YTH-60 could significantly reduce the degree of fibrosis in mice and regulate the imbalance of the immune microenvironment. In addition, we observed that therapeutic YTH-60 treatment attenuated fibrotic changes in mice during the period of fibrosis. Importantly, YTH-60 has shown an acceptable oral bioavailability (F = 17.86%) and appropriate eliminated half-life time (T_1/2 = 8.03 h). Taken together, these preclin. evaluations suggested that YTH-60 could be a promising drug candidate for treating IPF. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Synthetic Route of C14H21BO4).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Synthetic Route of C14H21BO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Carbolines. Part VII. Anisidines, convenient tools to synthesize hydroxy-灏?carbolines was written by Rocca, Patrick;Marsais, Francis;Godard, Alain;Queguiner, Guy;Adams, Luqman;Alo, Babajide. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 1995.HPLC of Formula: 56619-93-3 This article mentions the following:

The paper describes a convenient synthesis of hydroxy-灏?carbolines from com. anisidines based on key steps such as metalation, cross-coupling and cyclization. The first total synthesis of a major cytotoxic constituent of a marine bryozoan is also reported, the 8-hydroxy-1-vinyl-灏?carboline. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3HPLC of Formula: 56619-93-3).

N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.HPLC of Formula: 56619-93-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Modification of gold surface by electrosynthesized mono aza crown ether substituted catechol-terminated alkane dithiol and its application as a new electrochemical sensor for trace detection of cadmium ions was written by Dehdashtian, Sara;Shamsipur, Mojtaba. And the article was included in Colloids and Surfaces, B: Biointerfaces in 2018.Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane This article mentions the following:

Among the toxic metals, cadmium is a very dangerous pollutant because it can extremely damage organs in humans and animals. This toxic metal is introduced into water from different industries such as metal plating, batteries, and alloys. Cadmium bioaccumulates in vital organs and unlike organic pollutants does not show any biol. degradation In this study, an electroactive self-assembled monolayer (SAM) was developed by covalent attachment of a novel mono aza-crown ether substituted catechol-terminated hexane dithiol onto the gold surface. The electrochem. behavior of the fabricated SAM electrode was investigated using voltammetry techniques and electrochem. impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The obtained results from voltammetric experiments revealed that the crown ether moiety of SAM forms a selective complex with cadmium ion. Under optimal conditions, Cd²⁺ could be detected in the range of 15娓璏 to 65娓璏 with a detection limit of 4.5娓璏. Selectivity measurements reveal that the sensor is specific for Cd²⁺ even in the presence of high concentrations of other metal ions. The proposed sensor was applied to the determination of cadmium ion in water samples with high sensitivity and good selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem