Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Preparation, Photophysical and Electrochemical Evaluation of an Azaborondipyrromethene/Zinc Porphyrin/Graphene Supramolecular Nanoensemble was written by Rotas, Georgios;Thomas, Michael B.;Canton-Vitoria, Ruben;D’Souza, Francis;Tagmatarchis, Nikos. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2020.Application of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

The preparation of an entirely supramol., multichromophoric azaborondipyrromethene (ABDP)/zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP)/exfoliated graphene (GR) nanoensemble was accomplished. The ABDP derivative bears glycol chains for enhancing solubility and a pyridine functionality for allowing coordination with ZnTPP. The ABDP/ZnTPP/GR nanoensemble was characterized in terms of morphol. and composition by using complementary microscopy imaging, thermogravimetric anal., Raman as well as steady-state and time-resolved absorption and emission spectroscopy. The photophys. and electrochem. assessment of ABDP/ZnTPP/GR as well as the binding properties of the ABDP/ZnTPP complex, employed as a reference, are presented. Energy and electron transfer events were observed in ABDP/ZnTPP upon photoexcitation. However, in the case of ABDP/ZnTPP/GR, the graphene-induced aggregation of the chromophores alters their electronic interactions, enhancing the energy/electron transfer process between them. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Application of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Application of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Kinetics of oxidation of phenoxyacetic acid by TPCC in aqueous aceticacid medium was written by Palaniappan, An.;Udhayakumar, R.;Srinivasan, S.;Raju, C.. And the article was included in Chemica Sinica in 2012.Application of 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

The kinetics of oxidation of phenoxyacetic acid and several para- and meta-substituted phenoxyacetic acids by tetrakis(pyridine) cobalt(II) chromate (TPCC) in the presence of HClO₄ was studied in aqueous acetic acid medium. The reaction shows unit order dependence each with respect to oxidant and substrate. The order with respect to hydrogen ion concentration is one. The rate of oxidation increases with increase in the percentage of acetic acid and increase in ionic strength has negligible effect on the rate. The addition of Al³⁺ had a noticeable catalytic effect on the reaction rate. In general, the electron releasing substituent accelerates the rate while electron attracting substituent retards the rate of reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Application of 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Application of 1877-75-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

On the molecular structure, packing coefficients and thermal stabilities of the homologous series p-methoxy-XY-p’-alkyl tolanes was written by Prasad, J. Shashidhara. And the article was included in Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals in 1978.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The thermal stability in the p-methoxy-p‘-alkyltolan homologous series was studied by mol. packing coefficients (ratio of geometric volume of a mol. to the volume per mol. in the crystal) without actual conformation of the mols. in the crystalline state. The packing coefficient decreases for the nonmesogenic members (Me and Et) accounting for the decrease in stability and suddenly increases when the mesogenic state is encountered and then again decreases accounting for the thermal stability decrease within the mesogenic materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene (cas: 39969-26-1Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene (cas: 39969-26-1) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers feature bent C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111鎺?and C閳ユ彊 distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C閳ユ彊 bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The bifunctional alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase gene, adhE, is necessary for ethanol production in Clostridium thermocellum and Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum was written by Lo, Jonathan;Zheng, Tianyong;Hon, Shuen;Olson, Daniel G.;Lynda, Lee R.. And the article was included in Journal of Bacteriology in 2015.Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione This article mentions the following:

Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum and Clostridium thermocellum are anaerobic thermophilic bacteria being investigated for their ability to produce biofuels from plant biomass. The bifunctional alc. and aldehyde dehydrogenase gene, adhE, is present in these bacteria and has been known to be important for ethanol formation in other anaerobic alc. producers. This study explores the inactivation of the adhE gene in C. thermocellum and T. saccharolyticum. Deletion of adhE reduced ethanol production by >95% in both T. saccharolyticum and C. thermocellum, confirming that adhE is necessary for ethanol formation in both organisms. In both adhE deletion strains, fermentation products shifted from ethanol to lactate production and resulted in lower cell d. and longer time to reach maximal cell d. In T. saccharolyticum, the adhE deletion strain lost>85% of alc. dehydrogenase (ADH) activity. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity did not appear to be affected, although ALDH activity was low in cell extracts Adding ubiquinone-0 to the ALDH assay increased activity in the T. saccharolyticum parent strain but did not increase activity in the adhE deletion strain, suggesting that ALDH activity was inhibited. In C. thermocellum, the adhE deletion strain lost>90% of ALDH and ADH activity in cell extracts The C. thermocellum adhE deletion strain contained a point mutation in the lactate dehydrogenase gene, which appears to deregulate its activation by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, leading to constitutive activation of lactate dehydrogenase. Sequence data have been deposited at NCBI/EMBL/DDBJ with accession numbers SRX744220 and SRX744221. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis and photophysical properties of 2,2′-binaphthalene-based receptor bearing trimethylsilyl groups to improve the solubility was written by Kondo, Shin-ichi;Watanabe, Naoya;Takahashi, Fubuki;Takeda, Nobuhiro;Unno, Masafumi. And the article was included in Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry in 2013.Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

Two trimethylsilyl groups were introduced at 5- and 5′-positions of 2,2′-binaphthalene to improve the solubility of 2,2′-binaphthalene-based receptors. The x-ray crystallog. anal. revealed the twisted structure of 2 in the solid state. The solubility of 2 was moderately improved by 3.1-fold comparing with mother skeleton 1. As a practical example of 2, receptor 8 bearing two aza-15-crown-5 moieties was prepared and the selective binding of 8 with Ba²⁺ can be observed by the formation of sandwich-like complex, which shows no prevention of binding ability of the receptor by introduction of the bulky substituents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Bioinspired o-Naphthoquinone-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones was written by Baek, Jisun;Si, Tengda;Kim, Hun Young;Oh, Kyungsoo. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

A biomimetic alc. dehydrogenase (ADH)-like oxidation protocol was developed using an ortho-naphthoquinone (4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-dione) catalyst in the presence of a catalytic amount of base. The developed organocatalytic aerobic oxidation of alcs., e.g., 4-chlorobenzyl alc. protocol proceeds through the intramol. 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer of naphthalene alkoxide intermediates, a mechanistically distinctive feature from the previous alc. dehydrogenase mimics that require metals in the active form of catalysts. The ADH-like aerobic oxidation protocol should provide green alternatives to the existing stoichiometric and metal-catalyzed alc. oxidation reactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5HPLC of Formula: 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.HPLC of Formula: 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Spin crossover in polymeric and heterometallic Fe^II species containing polytopic dipyridylamino-substituted-triazine ligands was written by Ross, Tamsyn M.;Moubaraki, Boujemaa;Batten, Stuart R.;Murray, Keith S.. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2012.Formula: C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

The authors report the synthesis and characterization of the new polytopic ligands, ddta (N,N-di(pyridin-2-yl)-4,6-di(1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecan-13-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine) and tptd (N²,N²,N⁴,N⁴-tetra(pyridin-2-yl)-6-(1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecan-13-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine). Each contains N-donor dipyridylamino binding sites as well as sep. and distinct mono-aza-15-crown-5 binding sites. The ligand ddta was used to synthesize the polymeric heterometallic spin crossover (SCO) compound trans-[Fe(II)(NCS)₂(ddta)₂Na₂](ClO₄)₂.4MeCH₂CH₂OH, (I), and tptd was used to synthesize the polymeric SCO compound trans-[Fe(II)(NCS)₂(tptd)].MeOH, (II), and the dinuclear compound cis-[(Fe(II))₂(NCS)₄(tptd)₂], (III). Magnetic susceptibility measurements show that I and a desolvated sample of III each undergo a gradual, 1-step spin transition with T₁/2 values of 閳?40 K and 閳?10 K, resp. The paucity of inter-chain intermol. interactions, as well as the flexible, covalent bridges between Fe(II) spin crossover sites, are likely to contribute to the gradual nature of the spin transition observed in each case. Variable temperature powder x-ray diffraction studies on I show the anisotropic behavior of the unit cell parameters, where c and the b-c plane are most affected by structural changes occurring as the temperature is lowered. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Formula: C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O閳ユ椊 or N閳ユ椊 bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Formula: C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Combined lignin defunctionalisation and synthesis gas formation by acceptorless dehydrogenative decarbonylation was written by Zhang, Zhenlei;Zijlstra, Douwe S.;Lahive, Ciaran W.;Deuss, Peter. J.. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2020.SDS of cas: 3929-47-3 This article mentions the following:

The valorization of lignin, consisting of various phenylpropanoids building blocks, is hampered by its highly functionalized nature. The absence of the 绾?carbinol group in an unnatural C2 灏?O-4 motif compared to the native lignin C3 灏?O-4 motif provides great opportunities for developing new valorization routes. Thus efficient defunctionalisation approaches that transform the C3 灏?O-4 motif into a simplified C2 灏?O-4 motif are of interest. Based on a study with a series of model compounds, we established a feasible application of an iridium-catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenative decarbonylation method to efficiently remove the 绾?carbinol group in a single step. This defunctionalisation generates valuable synthesis gas, which can be collected as a reaction product. By this direct catalytic transformation, a yield of ~70% could be achieved for a C3 灏?O-4 model compound that was protected from undergoing retro-aldol cleavage by alkoxylation of the benzylic secondary alc. in the 浼?position. A phenylcoumaran model compound containing a 绾?carbinol group as well as a benzylic primary alc. also proved to be reactive under dehydrogenative decarbonylation conditions, which can further contribute to the reduction of the structural complexity of lignin. Notably, the liberation of synthesis gas was confirmed and the signals for the defunctionalized C2 灏?O-4 motif were observed when this dehydrogenative decarbonylation approach was applied on organosolv lignins. This selective defunctionalized lignin in conjunction with the formation of synthesis gas has the potential to enhance the development of profitable and sustainable biorefineries. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3SDS of cas: 3929-47-3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.SDS of cas: 3929-47-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of Bicyclo[n.1.0]alkanes by a Cobalt-Catalyzed Multiple C(sp³)-H Activation Strategy was written by Zhang, Zhuo-Zhuo;Han, Ye-Qiang;Zhan, Bei-Bei;Wang, Sai;Shi, Bing-Feng. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2017.COA of Formula: C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

A Co-catalyzed dual C(sp³)-H activation strategy was developed and it provides a novel strategy for the synthesis of bicyclo[4.1.0]heptanes and bicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes. A key to the success of this reaction is the conformation-induced methylene C(sp³)-H activation of the resulting cobaltabicyclo[4.n.1] intermediate. The synthesis of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane from pivalamide, by a triple C(sp³)-H activation, also was demonstrated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7COA of Formula: C9H10O4).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.COA of Formula: C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Metal-free halogenation of arylboronate with N-halosuccinimide was written by Kamei, Toshiyuki;Ishibashi, Aoi;Shimada, Toyoshi. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2014.Reference of 365564-07-4 This article mentions the following:

Efficient bromination and chlorination of aryl pinacol boronates were accomplished without the addition of metal reagent. The reaction proceeded efficiently with electron-rich arylboronates or heteroarylboronates in DMF or acetonitrile, to afford mono-, di-, or trihalogenated aryl pinacol boronates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Reference of 365564-07-4).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Reference of 365564-07-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem