Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Viscosity of 2-ethylhexan-1-amine (EHA)-diglyme, EHA-triglyme and EHA-tetraglyme non-aqueous solutions and its effect on initial absorption rate was written by Fu, Kun;Zhang, Pan;Wang, Lemeng;Huang, Xiayu;Fu, Dong. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Liquids in 2020.Product Details of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

The viscosities (鐣? of 2-ethylhexan-1-amine (EHA), diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme and EHA-diglyme/triglyme/tetraglyme non-aqueous solutions were measured by using the NDJ-5S rotational viscometer at 101 kPa. The temperatures (T) ranged from 303.2 K to 323.2 K. The mass fractions of EHA (w_EHA) ranged from 0.100 to 0.900. The viscosity was modeled and the calculated results agreed well with the experiments The effects of w_EHA and T on viscosity were demonstrated on the basis of experiments and calculations The initial absorption rates of CO₂ (r) in EHA-diglyme/triglyme/tetraglyme non-aqueous solutions were measured, and the effects of viscosity, absorbent concentration and absorption rate constant of CO₂ (k) on initial absorption rates were demonstrated. Our research shows that in the temperature range of 303.2 K to 323.2 K, the proposed three non-aqueous absorbents have small solution viscosities (<3 mPa.s), which is beneficial to the mass transfer of CO₂ absorption and the initial absorption rate. Thus the proposed non-aqueous absorbents have good application potential in the field of CO₂ capture process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Product Details of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Product Details of 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Systematic assessment of working fluid mixtures for absorption refrigeration based on techno-economic, environmental, health and safety performance was written by Papadopoulos, Athanasios I.;Gkouletsos, Dimitris;Champilomatis, Vassilis;Giannakakis, Alexandros;Kousidis, Vergis;Hassan, Ibrahim;Seferlis, Panos. And the article was included in Energy Conversion and Management in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane This article mentions the following:

Absorption refrigeration is a promising technol. for the replacement of vapor compression systems. Few, conventional mixtures of organic components have been evaluated to date as working fluids using mainly operating performance indicators. The aim of this work is to evaluate 75 working fluid mixtures, including 18 novel options as candidates for single-effect absorption refrigeration processes. Multiple performance indicators are considered such as coefficient of performance, exergy efficiency, high cycle pressure, distillate-to-feed ratio and number of stages in the rectifier, mass flowrates, process economics and safety, health and environmental properties of fluids. The evaluation is performed within a systematic, stage-wise approach, which employs multi-criteria anal. It is observed that mixtures of acetaldehyde with DMF or methylpyrolidone exhibit up to 40% and 22% lower costs per ton of cooling compared to ammonia-water and water-lithium bromide. The same mixtures also outperform or match the coefficient of performance of ammonia-water. Propionaldehyde and Me formate with the same absorbents are also competitive options in smaller scale processes, while they exhibit better health, safety and environmental properties than acetaldehyde. The new mixtures are of equivalent or better safety, health and environmental performance than other well-known refrigerants. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Application In Synthesis of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O閳ユ椊 or N閳ユ椊 bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Application In Synthesis of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Assessing the mixture effects in in vitro bioassays of chemicals occurring in small agricultural streams during rain events was written by Neale, Peta A.;Braun, Georg;Brack, Werner;Carmona, Eric;Gunold, Roman;Konig, Maria;Krauss, Martin;Liebmann, Liana;Liess, Matthias;Link, Moritz;Schafer, Ralf B.;Schlichting, Rita;Schreiner, Verena C.;Schulze, Tobias;Vormeier, Philipp;Weisner, Oliver;Escher, Beate I.. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology in 2020.Name: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane This article mentions the following:

Rain events may impact the chem. pollution burden in rivers. Forty-four small streams in Germany were profiled during several rain events for the presence of 395 chems. and five types of mixture effects in in vitro bioassays (cytotoxicity; activation of the estrogen, aryl hydrocarbon, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; and oxidative stress response). While these streams were selected to cover a wide range of agricultural impacts, in addition to the expected pesticides, wastewater-derived chems. and chems. typical for street runoff were detected. The unexpectedly high estrogenic effects in many samples indicated the impact by wastewater or overflow of combined sewer systems. The 128 water samples exhibited a high diversity of chem. and effect patterns, even for different rain events at the same site. The detected 290 chems. explained only a small fraction (<8%) of the measured effects. The exptl. effects of the designed mixtures of detected chems. that were expected to dominate the mixture effects of detected chems. were consistent with predictions for concentration addition within a factor of two for 94% of the mixtures Overall, the burden of chems. and effects was much higher than that previously detected in surface water during dry weather, with the effects often exceeding proposed effect-based trigger values. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Name: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Name: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Unveiling Extreme Photoreduction Potentials of Donor-Acceptor Cyanoarenes to Access Aryl Radicals from Aryl Chlorides was written by Xu, Jinhui;Cao, Jilei;Wu, Xiangyang;Wang, Han;Yang, Xiaona;Tang, Xinxin;Toh, Ren Wei;Zhou, Rong;Yeow, Edwin K. L.;Wu, Jie. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Quality Control of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane This article mentions the following:

Since the seminal work of Zhang in 2016, donor-acceptor cyanoarene-based fluorophores, such as 1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN), have been widely applied in photoredox catalysis and used as excellent metal-free alternatives to noble metal Ir- and Ru-based photocatalysts. However, all the reported photoredox reactions involving this chromophore family are based on harnessing the energy from a single visible light photon, with a limited range of redox potentials from -1.92 to +1.79 V vs SCE. Here, we document the unprecedented discovery that this family of fluorophores can undergo consecutive photoinduced electron transfer (ConPET) to achieve very high reduction potentials. One of the newly synthesized catalysts, 2,4,5-tri(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-6-(ethyl(phenyl)amino)isophthalonitrile (3CzEPAIPN), possesses a long-lived (12.95 ns) excited radical anion form, 3CzEPAIPN^閳?*, which can be used to activate reductively recalcitrant aryl chlorides (E_red 閳?-1.9 to -2.9 V vs SCE) under mild conditions. The resultant aryl radicals can be engaged in synthetically valuable aromatic C-B, C-P, and C-C bond formation to furnish arylboronates, arylphosphonium salts, arylphosphonates, and spirocyclic cyclohexadienes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Quality Control of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Quality Control of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Divergent synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridines as virulence-attenuating inverse agonists targeting PqsR was written by Schuetz, Christian;Hodzic, Amir;Hamed, Mostafa;Abdelsamie, Ahmed S.;Kany, Andreas M.;Bauer, Maximilian;Roehrig, Teresa;Schmelz, Stefan;Scrima, Andrea;Blankenfeldt, Wulf;Empting, Martin. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Reference of 75581-11-2 This article mentions the following:

A short and divergent route towards new derivatives of 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridines as potent inverse agonists of the bacterial target PqsR against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infections was described. This Gram-neg. pathogen causes severe nosocomial infections and common antibiotic treatment options were rendered ineffective due to resistance issues. Based on an earlier identified optimized hit, the derivatization and rigidification attempts employing two central building blocks were conducted. The western part of the mol. was built up via a 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine head group equipped with a terminal alkyne. The eastern section was then introduced through aryliode motifs exploiting Sonogashira as well as Suzuki-type chem. Subsequent modification provided quick access to an array of compounds, allowed for deep SAR insights, and enabled to optimize the hit scaffold into a lead structure of nanomolar potency combined with favorable in vitro ADME/T features. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2Reference of 75581-11-2).

4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Reference of 75581-11-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Analytical pyrolysis of lignin: products stemming from 灏?5 substructures was written by Kuroda, Ken-ichi;Nakagawa-Izumi, Akiko. And the article was included in Organic Geochemistry in 2006.Related Products of 3929-47-3 This article mentions the following:

Five phenolic 2-arylcoumarans containing a 灏?5 linkage: I (R = CH₂OH, R’ = CH:CHCH₂OH) (II), I (R = CH₂OH, R’ = CH:CHCHO) (III), I (R = Me, R’ = CH:CHCH₂OH) (IV), I (R = Me, R’ = CH:CHCHO) (V), I (R = Me, R’ = CH:CHMe) (VI), and diazomethane-methylated II (VII), were pyrolyzed at 500鎺?for 4 s. The products were analyzed by gas chromatog. and gas chromatog./mass spectrometry. The major products of II–V and VII were 4-methylguaiacol (VIII) and 1,2-dimethoxy-4-methylbenzene, resp., stemming from the A moiety of the 2-arylcoumarans. I–V having the ring B with a CH:CHCH₂OH or CH:CHCHO side chain provided VIII in a larger yield than dehydrodiisoeugenol VI having the ring B with a CH=CHCH₃ side chain; the yields of 4 were 閳?.6, 5.7-4.6, and 0.9 mol% from II, III–V and VI, resp. Characterization of the dimeric products of II showed the 浼?aryl ether opened-dimers with the hydrogenated C浼?C灏?bond being the precursors of VIII. Based on these results, guaiacyl and syringyl 灏?5 substructures were proposed as potential pyrolytic origins for VIII and 3,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenol in anal. pyrolysis of soft- and hardwood lignins. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Related Products of 3929-47-3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Related Products of 3929-47-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Silver-containing microemulsion as a high-efficient and recyclable catalytic system for hydration of alkynes was written by Dong, Qizhi;Li, Ningbo;Qiu, Renhua;Wang, Jinying;Guo, Cancheng;Xu, Xinhua. And the article was included in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 2015.Safety of 1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene This article mentions the following:

A silver-catalyzed highly efficient and regioselective synthesis of ketones from a wide range of alkynes is described. The reaction is dramatically accelerated by its performance in aqueous emulsion, which is self-assembled by the addition of silver perfluorooctanesulfonate and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) to water. The reaction is conducted under convenient conditions with broad substrate scope, including a variety of aromatic and aliphatic terminal alkynes and internal alkynes. Furthermore, the air- and light-stable silver catalytic microemulsion can be reused for 4 times with minimal change in catalytic efficiency. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene (cas: 39969-26-1Safety of 1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene).

1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene (cas: 39969-26-1) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers feature bent C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111鎺?and C閳ユ彊 distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C閳ユ彊 bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Safety of 1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Conductometric, spectrophotometric, ¹HNMR and quantum chemical studies of the thermodynamics complexation of some transition metal ions with aza-15-crown-5 ligands in acetonitrile solution was written by Payehghadr, Mahmood;Nourifard, Farzaneh;Taghdiri, Mehdi;Behjatmanesh-Ardakani, Reza. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry: An Indian Journal in 2012.Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane This article mentions the following:

In this paper, the complexation reactions between aza-15-crown-5 (A15C5) ligand with Zn²⁺, Hg²⁺, Co²⁺, Ag⁺ and Cd²⁺ ions has been studied by conductometric and spectrophotometric methods in acetonitrile solution at various temperatures The formation constants of the resulting 1:1 complexes were calculated from the computer fitting of the molar conductance-mole ratio data at different temperatures At 25鎺矯, the order of stability of the 1:1 complexes of the A15C5 ligand with different cations are as Hg²⁺> Co²⁺> Cd²⁺> Zn²⁺> Ag⁺. The enthalpy and entropy changes of the complexation reactions were evaluated from the temperature dependence of formation constants In addition, ¹HNMR study of complexes of nitrate salt of Cd⁺² in acetonitrile with A15C5 ligand at 25鎺矯 has been also undertaken to compare the results with those obtained by conductivity and UV measurements, which have been found to be in good agreement with each other. Finally, ab initio studies of the level of HF/lanl2dz have been done to investigate the binding energies of the ligand with Ag⁺ and Hg²⁺. All theor. data are in line with the exptl. ones. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O閳ユ椊 or N閳ユ椊 bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Design, synthesis, and antitumor activity evaluation of novel acyl sulfonamide spirodienones was written by Chen, Chen;Luo, Yang;Yin, Honglu;Zhong, Qiu;Zheng, Shilong;Liu, Rui;Zhao, Chong;Wang, Guangdi;He, Ling. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

Based on the promising results of benzenesulfonamide spirodienones as antineoplastic agents, a series of novel acyl sulfonamide spirodienones I [R = Me, C₆H₅, 4-MeC₆H₄, etc.; R¹ = H, Me] were designed and synthesized for antineoplastic evaluation. Of these, compound I [R = 4-MeC₆H₄, R¹ = H] exhibited remarkable in-vitro antiproliferative activity by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Acute toxicity study demonstrated that compound I [R = 4-MeC₆H₄, R¹ = H] at 100 mg/kg dose caused no obvious toxicity to the major organs of mice. Moreover, compound I [R = 4-MeC₆H₄, R¹ = H] suppressed the growth of murine 4T1 tumor in-vivo. Preliminary enzyme assay showed that I [R = 4-MeC₆H₄, R¹ = H] was a potential MMP2 inhibitor for cancer therapy. In all, these results indicated that compound I [R = 4-MeC₆H₄, R¹ = H] may be a lead compound for the development of anticancer agents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4HPLC of Formula: 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.HPLC of Formula: 1877-75-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Organic pollutants in the effluents of large wastewater treatment plants in Sweden was written by Paxeus, Nicklas. And the article was included in Water Research in 1996.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Effluent from the 3 largest wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in Sweden were analyzed for the presence of organic pollutants by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. From a total of 137 identified compounds, only 10 were priority pollutants. A broad spectrum of non-regulated organic pollutants in the effluent included aromatic hydrocarbons, food- and household-related compounds, solvents, plasticizers, flame retardants, preservatives, anti-oxidants, and washing- and cleaning-related compounds Individual effluent compound concentrations of all 3 WWTP were 0.5-50 娓璯/L. Few point-discharged pollutants from specific industries were present in the effluent. The majority of pollutants detected in effluent were attributable to overall use and discharge of chem. products. These pollutants originate from diffuse sources and represent a background chem. pollution load to the receiving waters through the discharge from WWTP in large cities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers feature bent C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111鎺?and C閳ユ彊 distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C閳ユ彊 bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem