Category: 16332-06-2

Kumaresan, R. published the artcileSynthesis and evaluation of N,N-di-alkyl-2-methoxyacetamides for the separation of U(VI) and Pu(IV) from nitric acid medium, Category: ethers-buliding-blocks, the main research area is preparation methoxyacetamide extractant uranium plutonium fuel reporcessing.

The homologs of N,N-di-alkyl-2-methoxyacetamides (DAMeOA) having three different alkyl chains varying from hexyl to decyl (C6, C8 and C10) were synthesized and characterized by NMR and IR spectral analyses. Extraction behavior of U(VI) and Pu(IV) from nitric acid medium in a solution of 0.5 M of DAMeOA in n-dodecane (n-DD) was studied and the results were compared with those obtained using N,N-di-hexyloctanamide (DHOA) in n-dodecane. The effect of various parameters on the distribution ratio of U(VI) and Pu(IV) in DAMeOA was studied. The extraction of nitric acid increased with decrease in chain length of alkyl group attached to amidic nitrogen atom of DAMeOA and the conditional nitric acid extraction constant was determined The extraction of nitric acid in DAMeOA/n-DD resulted in the formation of third phase in organic phase and the third phase occurred early with DAMeOA having smaller alkyl chain length. In contrast to this, the distribution ratio (D) of U(VI) and Pu(IV) in DAMeOA/n-DD increased with increase in the concentration of nitric acid and with increase in the chain length of alkyl group attached to amidic nitrogen atom of DAMeOA. The stoichiometry of the metal – solvate was determined from the slope of extraction data. Quant. recovery of uranium and plutonium from the loaded organic phase was achieved using dilute nitric acid.

Radiochimica Acta published new progress about Extractants. 16332-06-2 belongs to class ethers-buliding-blocks, name is 2-Methoxyacetamide, and the molecular formula is C3H7NO2, Category: ethers-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rovira, Santiago published the artcileAlkaline hydrolysis with high-boiling alcohols, Category: ethers-buliding-blocks, the publication is Annales de Chimie (Paris, France) (1945), 660-700, database is CAplus.

Compounds which are hydrolyzed with difficulty by EtOK or AmOK are saponified by using KOH in PhCH₂OH (I), (CH₂OH)₂ (II), or HOCH(CH₂OH)₂ (III). With nitriles and amides, the liberated NH₃ is titrated at intervals and in this way the kinetics of the reaction is studied. Amides such as AcNH₂, EtCONH₂, PrCONH₂, MeOCH₂CONH₂, BzNH₂, phthalimide, and Bz₃N are quant. saponified when boiled for 1 h. with KOH in I. OC(NH₂)₂ (IV) under these conditions requires 3 h. With II in lieu of I, IV is saponified in 2 h., and with III, in 45 min. OC(NH₂)NHPh and OC(NH₂) NHC₆H₄OEt are saponified in 1-2 h. with KOH in III while OC(NHPh)₂ is not attacked. With Ph-substituted amides, PhNH₂ is formed. Nitriles such as p-MeC₆H₄CN, PhCH₂CN, Ph(CH₂)₃CN, C₁₂H₂₅CN, PhMeCHCN, PhMe₂CCN, PhCH₂CHPhCN, CH₂(OH)CH₂CN, C₅H₁₁OCH₂CN, and amygdalin, when boiled with KOH in I, are quant. saponified in 1 h. while PhCN requires 2 h. PhBuCHCN is 85% saponified in 4 h. and PhBu₂CCN only 11% in 4 h. due to steric hindrance. H₂NCO₂Et and H₂NCO₂CH₂CHMe₂ with KOH in III are quant. saponified in 90 min. Bu, cyclohexyl, and m-xylyl allophanates and KOH in I are not completely saponified but with KOH in III, allophanates are quant. hydrolyzed in 1.5 h. Semicarbazones of the low-mol. ketones and aldehydes are readily saponified in 1-2 h. with KOH in III while the saponification is retarded with the nature of the radical. While Me abietate is saponified with EtOK only 50% in 4 h., it is saponified quant. with KOH in I in 4 h. Saponification of glycerol abietate with 0.5 N EtOK requires 8 h., with 0.1 N PhCH₂OK only 1 h. Carnauba wax is saponified with 0.5 N EtOK in 4 h. and with 0.1 N PhCH₂OK in 1 h. Boiling of caffeine for 1 h. or theobromine with KOH in III for 8 h. liberates 1 mol. NH₃ and 2 mols. NH₂Me. From theophylline 27.4% N is split off as NH₃ and NH₂Me after 25 h. (calculated for 3 N, 23.33%, for 4 N, 31.11%); from uric acid, 26.73% N after 27 h. (calculated for 3 N, 25.0%, for 4 N, 33.33%); and from xanthine, 35.42% N after 71 h. (calculated for 3 N, 27.63%, for 4 N, 36.24%). These results show that the velocity of decomposition depends upon the substituent at the N atoms. Finally, attempts are made to replace halogens in aromatic rings by OH with the preparation of phenols. While the halogen in PhBr, p-C₆H₄Br₂, o-BrC₆H₄Me, 2,3,5-Br₃C₆H₂OH, 2,5,6-bromo-m-xylenol, 2-C₁₀H₇Br, and eosin is almost quant. split off with KOH and I at 250°, the Cl in PhCl and in p-C₆H₄Cl₂ is split off only 10-15% at 250-300°

Annales de Chimie (Paris, France) published new progress about 16332-06-2. 16332-06-2 belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Ether, name is 2-Methoxyacetamide, and the molecular formula is C3H7NO2, Category: ethers-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ether,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Tamura, Masazumi published the artcileEfficient and Substrate-Specific Hydration of Nitriles to Amides in Water by Using a CeO₂ Catalyst, SDS of cas: 16332-06-2, the publication is Chemistry – A European Journal (2011), 17(41), 11428-11431, S11428/1-S11428/6, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Cerium dioxide (CeO₂) is an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the hydration of nitriles that have a heteroatom (N or O) adjacent to the α carbon of the CN group. The substrate specificity is derived from an enormous difference of frequency factor. For the hydration of pyrazinecarbonitrile to pyrazinecarboxamide in water, CeO₂ shows higher activity than the state-of-the-art catalysts including enzymes. A Michaelis-Menten-type mechanism is proposed, which involves (1) H₂O dissociation on CeO₂, (2) adsorption of the nitrile on CeO₂, and (3) nucleophilic attack of a hydroxyl species to the adsorbed nitrile.

Chemistry – A European Journal published new progress about 16332-06-2. 16332-06-2 belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Ether, name is 2-Methoxyacetamide, and the molecular formula is C4H6O3, SDS of cas: 16332-06-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ether,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Krueger, Peter J. published the artcileAmino group stretching vibrations in primary acid amides, Computed Properties of 16332-06-2, the publication is Canadian Journal of Chemistry (1967), 45(14), 1611-18, database is CAplus.

Most primary alkyl, primary α-substituted alkyl, and primary aromatic acid amides exhibit three sharp concentration and temperature dependent absorption bands at 3518 ± 3, 3504 ± 4, and 3486 ± 8 cm.-1, in dilute (0.003M or less) CCl4 solution, just below the fundamental antisymmetric NH2 stretching vibration. These are tentatively assigned to the shifted antisymmetric NH2 stretching vibration in cyclic dimers, cyclic trimers, and cyclic tetramers resp., with increasing NH…O hydrogen bond strength. In all alkyl amides the antisymmetric NH2 band intensity exceeds the symmetric band intensity. Conjugation of the CONH2 group with π-electron systems reverses this intensity relation, except where the acidic NH2 group can form intramol. H bonds. These observations substantiate the previously published views on the nature of the vibrational mechanism of the NH2 group. No evidence is found for enolization of amides in CCl4 solution 31 references.

Canadian Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 16332-06-2. 16332-06-2 belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Ether, name is 2-Methoxyacetamide, and the molecular formula is C3H7NO2, Computed Properties of 16332-06-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ether,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Hansen, Anders Lindhardt published the artcileFast and regioselective Heck couplings with N-acyl-N-vinylamine derivatives, Formula: C3H7NO2, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (2005), 70(15), 5997-6003, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Highly regioselective Heck couplings of aryl triflates with N-acyl-N-vinylamines lacking an N-alkyl substituent were achieved in good yields using catalytic amounts of Pd₂(dba)₃, DPPF, and diethylisopropylamine in dioxane. The efficiency of these cross-couplings were studied with several N-vinyl amides and an example each of an N-vinyl carbamate and an N-vinyl urea. The Heck coupling products easily underwent acidic hydrolysis to the corresponding aryl Me ketone or in situ hydrogenation in the presence of (Ph₃P)₃RhCl under a hydrogen atm. to provide the N-acyl derivatives of pharmaceutically relevant benzylic amines. The coupling of a vinyl triflate and more interestingly a vinyl tosylate to N-vinyl acetamide was also studied affording a 2-acylamino-1,3-butadiene with the same high regioselectivity in preference for the α-isomer. This result suggests that Heck couplings of electron-rich alkenes with vinyl tosylates also follow a cationic pathway.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 16332-06-2. 16332-06-2 belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Ether, name is 2-Methoxyacetamide, and the molecular formula is C3H7NO2, Formula: C3H7NO2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ether,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Daw, Prosenjit published the artcileBifunctional Water Activation for Catalytic Hydration of Organonitriles, Application In Synthesis of 16332-06-2, the publication is Organometallics (2012), 31(9), 3790-3797, database is CAplus.

Treatment of [Rh(COD)(μ-Cl)]₂ with excess ^tBuOK and subsequent addition of 2 equiv of PIN·HBr in THF afforded [Rh(COD)(κC₂-PIN)Br] (1) (PIN = 1-isopropyl-3-(5,7-dimethyl-1,8-naphthyrid-2-yl)imidazol-2-ylidene, COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene). The x-ray structure of 1 confirms ligand coordination to Rh(COD)Br through the carbene C featuring an unbound naphthyridine. Compound 1 is an excellent catalyst for the hydration of a wide variety of organonitriles at ambient temperature, providing the corresponding organoamides. In general, smaller substrates gave higher yields compared with sterically bulky nitriles. A turnover frequency of 20,000 h^-1 was achieved for the acrylonitrile. A similar Rh(I) catalyst without the naphthyridine appendage turned out to be inactive. DFT studies are undertaken to gain insight on the hydration mechanism. A 1:1 catalyst-H₂O adduct was identified, which indicates that the naphthyridine group steers the catalytically relevant H₂O mol. to the active metal site via double H-bonding interactions, providing significant entropic advantage to the hydration process. The calculated transition state (TS) reveals multicomponent cooperativity involving proton movement from the H₂O to the naphthyridine N and a complementary interaction between the hydroxide and the nitrile C. Bifunctional H₂O activation and cooperative proton migration are recognized as the key steps in the catalytic cycle.

Organometallics published new progress about 16332-06-2. 16332-06-2 belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Ether, name is 2-Methoxyacetamide, and the molecular formula is C3H7NO2, Application In Synthesis of 16332-06-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ether,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Knapp, Spring Melody M. published the artcileCatalytic Nitrile Hydration with [Ru(η⁶-p-cymene)Cl₂(PR₂R’)] Complexes: Secondary Coordination Sphere Effects with Phosphine Oxide and Phosphinite Ligands, HPLC of Formula: 16332-06-2, the publication is Organometallics (2013), 32(13), 3744-3752, database is CAplus.

The rates of nitrile hydration reactions were investigated using [Ru(η⁶-p-cymene)Cl₂(PR₂R’)] complexes as homogeneous catalysts, where PR₂R’ = PMe₂(CH₂P(O)Me₂), PMe₂(CH₂CH₂P(O)Me₂), PPh₂(CH₂P(O)Ph₂), PPh₂(CH₂CH₂P(O)Ph₂), PMe₂OH, P(OEt)₂OH. These catalysts were studied because the rate of the nitrile-to-amide hydration reaction was hypothesized to be affected by the position of the hydrogen bond accepting group in the secondary coordination sphere of the catalyst. Experiments showed that the rate of nitrile hydration was fastest when using [Ru(η⁶-p-cymene)Cl₂PMe₂OH]: i.e., the catalyst with the hydrogen bond accepting group capable of forming the most stable ring in the transition state of the rate-limiting step. This catalyst is also active at pH 3.5 and at low temperatures-conditions where α-hydroxynitriles (cyanohydrins) produce less cyanide, a known poison for organometallic nitrile hydration catalysts. The [Ru(η⁶-p-cymene)Cl₂PMe₂OH] catalyst completely converts the cyanohydrins glycolonitrile and lactonitrile to their corresponding α-hydroxyamides faster than previously investigated catalysts. [Ru(η⁶-p-cymene)Cl₂PMe₂OH] is not, however, a good catalyst for acetone cyanohydrin hydration, because it is susceptible to cyanide poisoning. Protecting the -OH group of acetone cyanohydrin was an effective way to prevent cyanide poisoning, resulting in quant. hydration of acetone cyanohydrin acetate.

Organometallics published new progress about 16332-06-2. 16332-06-2 belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Ether, name is 2-Methoxyacetamide, and the molecular formula is C3H7NO2, HPLC of Formula: 16332-06-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ether,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Guan, Qingqing published the artcileBiodiesel from transesterification at low temperature by AlCl₃ catalysis in ethanol and carbon dioxide as cosolvent: Process, mechanism and application, Quality Control of 16332-06-2, the publication is Applied Energy (2016), 380-386, database is CAplus.

Finding a more efficient method for the transesterification of triglycerides to biodiesel fuel (BD) is important in today’s world. In this study, transesterification of trilaurin was carried out in a solution containing 4 wt% of the Lewis acid AlCl₃ dissolved in a cosolvent of ethanol and 5 MPa CO₂. A conversion rate of over 90% was achieved within 1 h at the low temperature of 180°C. The process indicates a co-catalytic effect of the Lewis acid and CO₂. We postulate several key steps for the mechanism. First, the CO₂-ethanol mixture enhances the hydrogen bonding, increasing the concentration of C₂H₅O^·. Second AlCl₃ attacks the oxygen of C-O-C to weaken the bonds to form carbonyl carbon OR1, which is then easily attacked by C₂H₅O^· to give the transesterified product (C₂H₄COOR1). Third, AlCl₃ is finally replaced by H to form glycerin (GL) and intermediates, such as unmethyl esterified compounds (uME). AlCl₃ was used as a flocculant and catalyst for converting waste cooking oil (WCO) to BD. The process achieved 97% free fatty acid (FFA) conversion at 120 °C in 90 min, making it one of the most efficient systems available for WCO recovery. AlCl₃ was also successfully applied to microalgae, signaling the potential for a process that combines harvesting, lipid extraction, and transesterification, leading to fully integrated, microalgae-based BD production

Applied Energy published new progress about 16332-06-2. 16332-06-2 belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Ether, name is 2-Methoxyacetamide, and the molecular formula is C3H7NO2, Quality Control of 16332-06-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ether,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Nau, Heinz published the artcileWeak acids may act as teratogens by accumulating in the basic milieu of the early mammalian embryo, Quality Control of 16332-06-2, the publication is Nature (London, United Kingdom) (1986), 323(6085), 276-8, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Among the 11 drugs or chems. which are well-documented human teratogens, 8 (or their main metabolites) are weak acids whereas none is a weak base. Moreover, 23 out of 32 acids tested were teratogenic in at least 1 animal species. The acidic property of drugs may therefore be an important determinant of teratogenicity. The intracellular pH (pH_i) of the mouse and rat embryo is higher than that of maternal plasma, as determined by the relative accumulation of dimethadione  [695-53-4]. The antiepileptic drug valproic acid  [99-66-1] and its pharmacol. active unsaturated metabolite accumulate in embryonic tissue to higher concentrations than in maternal plasma, whereas the essentially neutral amide of valproic acid (valpromide  [2430-27-5]) or ethosuximide  [77-67-8] do not accumulate in the embryo; in the rat the pH_i of the embryo decreases with advancing gestation; in general agreement with the pH partiton hypothesis, the exposure of the embryo to valproic acid also decreases significantly during that period. Furthermore, the amides of 2 weak acid teratogens, valpromide and methoxyacetamide  [16332-06-2], and ethosuximide, are much less teratogenic than their acid counterparts. Thus, weakly acidic drugs, by virtue of their physicochem. nature, accumulate in the early embryo with its relatively high pH_i.

Nature (London, United Kingdom) published new progress about 16332-06-2. 16332-06-2 belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Ether, name is 2-Methoxyacetamide, and the molecular formula is C3H7NO2, Quality Control of 16332-06-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ether,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Tamura, Masazumi published the artcileSubstrate-Specific Heterogeneous Catalysis of CeO₂ by Entropic Effects via Multiple Interactions, Synthetic Route of 16332-06-2, the publication is ACS Catalysis (2015), 5(1), 20-26, database is CAplus.

Achieving complete substrate specificity through multiple interactions like an enzyme is one of the ultimate goals in catalytic studies. Herein, we demonstrate that multiple interactions between the CeO₂ surface and substrates are the origin of substrate-specific hydration of nitriles in water by CeO₂, which is exclusively applicable to the nitriles with a heteroatom (N or O) adjacent to the α-carbon of the CN group but is not applicable to the other nitriles. Kinetic studies reveal that CeO₂ reduces the entropic barrier (TΔS‡) for the reaction of the former reactive substrate, leading to 10⁷-fold rate enhancement compared with the latter substrate. D. functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed multiple interaction of the reactive substrate with CeO₂, as well as preferable approximation and alignment of the nitrile group of the substrate to the active OH group on CeO₂ surface. This can lead to the reduction of the entropic barrier. This is the first example of an entropy-driven substrate-specific catalysis of a nonporous metal oxide surface, which will provide a new design strategy for enzyme-inspired synthetic catalysts.

ACS Catalysis published new progress about 16332-06-2. 16332-06-2 belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Ether, name is 2-Methoxyacetamide, and the molecular formula is C3H6O2, Synthetic Route of 16332-06-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ether,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem