Category: 139115-91-6

《Glycan-Gold Nanoparticles as Multifunctional Probes for Multivalent Lectin-Carbohydrate Binding: Implications for Blocking Virus Infection and Nanoparticle Assembly》 was written by Budhadev, Darshita; Poole, Emma; Nehlmeier, Inga; Liu, Yuanyuan; Hooper, James; Kalverda, Elizabeth; Akshath, Uchangi Satyaprasad; Hondow, Nicole; Turnbull, W. Bruce; Pohlmann, Stefan; Guo, Yuan; Zhou, Dejian. Computed Properties of C9H19NO4 And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Multivalent lectin-glycan interactions are widespread in biol. and are often exploited by pathogens to bind and infect host cells. Glycoconjugates can block such interactions and thereby prevent infection. The inhibition potency strongly depends on matching the spatial arrangement between the multivalent binding partners. However, the structural details of some key lectins remain unknown and different lectins may exhibit overlapping glycan specificity. This makes it difficult to design a glycoconjugate that can potently and specifically target a particular multimeric lectin for therapeutic interventions, especially under the challenging in vivo conditions. Conventional techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) can provide quant. binding thermodn. and kinetics. However, they cannot reveal key structural information, e.g., lectin’s binding site orientation, binding mode, and interbinding site spacing, which are critical to design specific multivalent inhibitors. Herein we report that gold nanoparticles (GNPs) displaying a dense layer of simple glycans are powerful mechanistic probes for multivalent lectin-glycan interactions. They can not only quantify the GNP-glycan-lectin binding affinities via a new fluorescence quenching method, but also reveal drastically different affinity enhancing mechanisms between two closely related tetrameric lectins, DC-SIGN (simultaneous binding to one GNP) and DC-SIGNR (intercross-linking with multiple GNPs), via a combined hydrodynamic size and electron microscopy anal. Moreover, a new term, potential of assembly formation (PAF), has been proposed to successfully predict the assembly outcomes based on the binding mode between GNP-glycans and lectins. Finally, the GNP-glycans can potently and completely inhibit DC-SIGN-mediated augmentation of Ebola virus glycoprotein-driven cell entry (with IC50 values down to 95 pM), but only partially block DC-SIGNR-mediated virus infection. Our results suggest that the ability of a glycoconjugate to simultaneously block all binding sites of a target lectin is key to robust inhibition of viral infection. In addition to this study using tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate, there are many other studies that have used tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Computed Properties of C9H19NO4) was used in this study.

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.The C-O bonds that comprise simple ethers are strong. Computed Properties of C9H19NO4 They are unreactive toward all but the strongest bases. Although generally of low chemical reactivity, they are more reactive than alkanes.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Zhang, Shunyao; Tamura, Atsushi; Yui, Nobuhiko published their research in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials in 2021. The article was titled 《Weakly acidic carboxy group-grafted β-cyclodextrin-threaded acid-degradable polyrotaxanes for modulating protein interaction and cellular internalization》.Formula: C9H19NO4 The article contains the following contents:

To improve the therapeutic potential of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-threaded acid-degradable polyrotaxanes (β-CD PRXs) in cholesterol-related metabolic disorders, we investigated the effect of carboxylation of β-CD PRXs on intracellular uptake. In this study, we established a synthetic method for the modification of carboxylalkyl carbamates on β-CD PRXs without degradation and synthesized three series of carboxyalkyl carbamate group-modified β-CD PRXs with different alkyl spacer lengths. The modification of carboxymethyl carbamate (CMC), carboxyethyl carbamate (CEC), and carboxypropyl carbamate (CPC) on the β-CD PRXs slightly reduced the interaction of the PRXs with the lipid layer model compared with the modification of 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl carbamate (HEE-PRX), which was used in our previous studies. However, all the carboxylated β-CD PRXs showed a significantly stronger interaction with a protein model compared with HEE-PRX. The carboxylated β-CD PRXs showed significantly high intracellular uptake, through macrophage scavenger receptor A (MSR-A)-mediated endocytosis, in MSR-A-pos. RAW 264.7 cells compared with HEE-PRX. Interestingly, the carboxylated β-CD PRXs also showed significantly higher intracellular uptake even in MSR-A-neg. cells compared with HEE-PRX. Carboxylated β-CD PRXs are considered to strongly interact with other membrane proteins, resulting in high intracellular uptake. The length of the alkyl spacer affected the intracellular uptake levels of carboxylated PRXs, however, this relationship was varied for different cell types. Furthermore, none of the carboxylated β-CD PRXs exhibited cytotoxicity in the RAW 264.7 and NIH/3T3 cells. Altogether, carboxylation of β-CD PRXs is a promising chem. modification approach for their therapeutic application because carboxylated β-CD PRXs exhibit high cellular internalization efficiency in MSR-A-neg. cells and negligible toxicity. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Formula: C9H19NO4)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.Although ethers resist hydrolysis, they are cleaved by hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen chloride cleaves ethers only slowly. Formula: C9H19NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2015,Pulsipher, Abigail; Griffin, Matthew E.; Stone, Shannon E.; Hsieh-Wilson, Linda C. published 《Long-Lived Engineering of Glycans to Direct Stem Cell Fate》.Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published the findings.Quality Control of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Glycans mediate many critical, long-term biol. processes, such as stem cell differentiation. However, few methods are available for the sustained remodeling of cells with specific glycan structures. A new strategy that enables the long-lived presentation of defined glycosaminoglycans on cell surfaces using HaloTag proteins (HTPs) as anchors is reported. By controlling the sulfation patterns of heparan sulfate (HS) on pluripotent embryonic stem cell (ESC) membranes, it is demonstrated that specific glycans cause ESCs to undergo accelerated exit from self-renewal and differentiation into neuronal cell types. Thus, the stable display of glycans on HTP scaffolds provides a powerful, versatile means to direct key signaling events and biol. outcomes such as stem cell fate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Quality Control of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.The C-O bonds that comprise simple ethers are strong. They are unreactive toward all but the strongest bases. Although generally of low chemical reactivity, they are more reactive than alkanes. Quality Control of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2012,Takahashi, Michiko; Kawamura, Akie; Kato, Nobuo; Nishi, Tsuyoshi; Hamachi, Itaru; Ohkanda, Junko published 《Phosphopeptide-Dependent Labeling of 14-3-3 ζ Proteins by Fusicoccin-Based Fluorescent Probes》.Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published the findings.Reference of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The authors hypothesized that a chem. modified fusicoccin (FC) bearing a fluorescent tag that is attached by a reactive spacer, and a phosphopeptide that contains a V residue at position i+1 would bind to 14-3-3 and form a ternary complex. The formation of the complex would in turn trigger the spacer to react with nucleophilic residues on the protein surface to covalently attach the tag. Labeling through formation of a ternary complex with the consensus peptide should be kinetically more favorable than labeling with the probe alone, because of the stabilizing effect imparted by van der Waals interactions. The authors developed such fluorescent probes that are capable of labeling 14-3-3ζ, in a site-specific, 14-3-3-selective, and most importantly, highly ligand-dependent manner. The FC anchor precisely recognizes the structural difference of the residue at position i+1 in the phosphopeptide, thus enabling selective 14-3-3 labeling which depends on the shape of the ligand.tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Reference of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate) was used in this study.

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, thus the alpha hydrogens of ethers are more acidic than those of simple hydrocarbons. They are far less acidic than alpha hydrogens of carbonyl groups (such as in ketones or aldehydes), however. Reference of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2012,Richards, Sarah-Jane; Jones, Mathew W.; Hunaban, Mark; Haddleton, David M.; Gibson, Matthew I. published 《Probing Bacterial-Toxin Inhibition with Synthetic Glycopolymers Prepared by Tandem Post-Polymerization Modification: Role of Linker Length and Carbohydrate Density》.Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published the findings.Formula: C9H19NO4 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The authors use tandem post-polymerization modification to obtain glycopolymers with precisely controlled chain length, carbohydrate d., and crucially, defined back-bone-carbohydrate linker lengths. This series of polymers was used to study the multivalent interactions between cholera toxin and peanut agglutinin, to probe the impact of modulating the binding site complementarity on the inhibitory activity of the glycopolymers. This unique combination of structural biol. with materials science gives insights into the cluster glycoside effect and will allow design of active inhibitors. The aim of this investigation was to probe the effect of carbohydrate-binding site accessibility on the measured affinity between multivalent glycopolymers and their target lectins. The B subunit domain of cholera toxin was chosen because it is nontoxic,and a report by Polizzotti and Kiick showed that longer linkers resulted in increased inhibitory activity of cholera toxin. A series of glycopolymers with varying saccharide d., linker length, and chain length were synthesized by tandem post-polymerization modification. Longer linkers were shown to result in increased inhibition of the B subunit of cholera toxin, which is attributed to the depth of the binding pocket. Comparison with peanut agglutinin, which has a shallower binding pocket, revealed no difference in inhibitory activity as a function of linker length. The tandem post-polymerization modification strategy also allowed the effect of carbohydrate d. to be studied. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Formula: C9H19NO4)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.The C-O bonds that comprise simple ethers are strong. Formula: C9H19NO4 They are unreactive toward all but the strongest bases. Although generally of low chemical reactivity, they are more reactive than alkanes.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2013,Ke, Damei; Tang, Ailing; Zhan, Chuanlang; Yao, Jiannian published 《Conformation-variable PDI@β-sheet nanohelices show stimulus-responsive supramolecular chirality》.Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published the findings.Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A tripeptide-perylene diimide (PDI) conjugate self-assembles into PDI@β-sheet nanohelices, whose local conformations are sensitive to the external stimuli of concentration, heating and ultrasound, showing stimulus-responsive supramol. chirality. The experimental process involved the reaction of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.Ethers do have nonbonding electron pairs on their oxygen atoms, and they can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2018,Matsushita, Takahiko; Tsuchibuchi, Koji; Koyama, Tetsuo; Hatano, Ken; Matsuoka, Koji published 《A constraint scaffold enhances affinity of a bivalent N-acetylglucosamine ligand against wheat germ agglutinin》.Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters published the findings.Recommanded Product: 139115-91-6 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Bivalent glycoconjugates have a minimal valence with avidity potential on protein-carbohydrate interactions as well as simplicity of chem. structures enabling simple synthesis with low cost. Understanding the way to maximize the affinities of bivalent glycoconjugates is important for the development of cost-effective tools for therapeutic and diagnostic research. However, there has been little discussion about the effects of constraints imposed from ligand scaffolds on the binding abilities. The authors synthesized three kinds of biantennary N-acetylglucosamine glycosides with different scaffolds using isobutenyl bis(propargyl)ether as a common scaffold precursor. Decoration of the scaffold branches with GlcNAc moieties through copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition and grafting of the alkenyl focal point to another bivalent biotin dendron through thiol-ene and nucleophilic substitution reactions were successfully carried out in an orthogonal manner. The association constants of the ligands against wheat germ agglutinin were determined by a fluorometric titration assay. A bivalent biotin counterpart provided higher affinity than an iso-Bu scaffold, whereas an isobutenyl scaffold yielded more enhancement than a bivalent biotin counterpart. The present work suggested that the constraint and steric bulk of ligand scaffolds are possible factors for improving binding properties of glycoconjugates against lectins or proteins. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Recommanded Product: 139115-91-6)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.Although ethers resist hydrolysis, they are cleaved by hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen chloride cleaves ethers only slowly. Recommanded Product: 139115-91-6

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Recommanded Product: 139115-91-6In 2017 ,《NanoSOSG: a Nanostructured Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Intracellular Singlet Oxygen》 was published in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The article was written by Ruiz-Gonzalez, Ruben; Bresoli-Obach, Roger; Gulias, Oscar; Agut, Montserrat; Savoie, Huguette; Boyle, Ross W.; Nonell, Santi; Giuntini, Francesca. The article contains the following contents:

A biocompatible fluorescent nanoprobe for singlet oxygen (1O2) detection in biol. systems was designed, synthesized, and characterized, that circumvents many of the limitations of the mol. probe Singlet Oxygen Sensor Green (SOSG). This widely used com. singlet oxygen probe was covalently linked to a polyacrylamide nanoparticle core using different architectures to optimize the response to 1O2. In contrast to its mol. counterpart, the optimum SOSG-based nanoprobe, which we call NanoSOSG, is readily internalized by E. coli cells and does not interact with bovine serum albumin. Furthermore, the spectral characteristics do not change inside cells, and the probe responds to intracellularly generated 1O2 with an increase in fluorescence. After reading the article, we found that the author used tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Recommanded Product: 139115-91-6)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, thus the alpha hydrogens of ethers are more acidic than those of simple hydrocarbons. They are far less acidic than alpha hydrogens of carbonyl groups (such as in ketones or aldehydes), however. Recommanded Product: 139115-91-6

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2012,de Graaf, Albert J.; Mastrobattista, Enrico; Vermonden, Tina; van Nostrum, Cornelus F.; Rijkers, Dirk T. S.; Liskamp, Rob M. J.; Hennink, Wim E. published 《Thermosensitive Peptide-Hybrid ABC Block Copolymers Obtained by ATRP: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, and Enzymatic Degradation》.Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) published the findings.Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Peptide-hybrid ABC block copolymers were synthesized by growing two different polymer chains from a native peptide using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). To this end, two different ATRP initiators were coupled via orthogonal methods to the N- and C-terminus of the peptide Ser-Gly-Pro-Gln-Gly-Ile-Phe-Gly-Gln-Met-Gly, a substrate for matrix metalloproteases 2 and 9. First, a hydrophilic block of poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) Me ether methacrylate) (pOEGMA) was polymerized from the peptide’s C-terminus. Before polymerization of the second block, the first living chain end was inactivated by substitution of its Cl-terminus with azide under mild conditions. Then, a thermosensitive block of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm) was polymerized from the peptide’s N-terminus. Well-defined polymers were obtained with good control over both block sizes. The resulting polymers self-assembled into micelles above the cloud point of the pNIPAm block. As anticipated, it was shown that the peptide linkage between the polymer blocks can be cut by a metalloprotease, leading to “”shedding”” of the corona of the micelles which makes these systems potentially suitable for enzyme-triggered drug delivery. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers. Ethers lack the hydroxyl groups of alcohols. Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate Without the strongly polarized O―H bond, ether molecules cannot engage in hydrogen bonding with each other.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2013,Mendez, Eladio; Moon, Joong Ho published 《Side chain and backbone structure-dependent subcellular localization and toxicity of conjugated polymer nanoparticles》.Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published the findings.HPLC of Formula: 139115-91-6 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The subcellular localization and toxicity of conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) are dependent on the chem. structure of the side chains and backbone. Primary amine-containing CPNs exhibit high Golgi localization with no toxicity. Incorporation of short ethylene oxide and tertiary amine side chains contributes to decreased Golgi localization and increased toxicity, resp. In addition to this study using tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate, there are many other studies that have used tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6HPLC of Formula: 139115-91-6) was used in this study.

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers. Ethers lack the hydroxyl groups of alcohols. Without the strongly polarized O―H bond, ether molecules cannot engage in hydrogen bonding with each other. HPLC of Formula: 139115-91-6

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem