Category: 111-77-3

High-Performance Humidity Sensing in π-Conjugated Molecular Assemblies through the Engineering of Electron/Proton Transport and Device Interfaces was written by Turetta, Nicholas;Stoeckel, Marc-Antoine;Furlan de Oliveira, Rafael;Devaux, Felix;Greco, Alessandro;Cendra, Camila;Gullace, Sara;Gicevicius, Mindaugas;Chattopadhyay, Basab;Liu, Jie;Schweicher, Guillaume;Sirringhaus, Henning;Salleo, Alberto;Bonn, Mischa;Backus, Ellen H. G.;Geerts, Yves H.;Samori, Paolo. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2022.Application of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

The development of systems capable of responding to environmental changes, such as humidity, requires the design and assembly of highly sensitive and efficiently transducing elements. Such a challenge can be mastered only by disentangling the role played by each component of the responsive system, thus ultimately achieving high performance by optimizing the synergistic contribution of all functional elements. Here, we designed and synthesized a novel [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene derivative equipped with hydrophilic oligoethylene glycol lateral chains (OEG-BTBT) that can elec. transduce subtle changes in ambient humidity with high current ratios (>10⁴) at low voltages (2 V), reaching state-of-the-art performance. Multiscale structural, spectroscopical, and elec. characterizations were employed to elucidate the role of each device constituent, viz., the active material’s BTBT core and OEG side chains, and the device interfaces. While the BTBT mol. core promotes the self-assembly of (semi)conducting crystalline films, its OEG side chains are prone to adsorb ambient moisture. These chains act as hotspots for hydrogen bonding with atm. water mols. that locally dissociate when a bias voltage is applied, resulting in a mixed electronic/protonic long-range conduction throughout the film. Due to the OEG-BTBT mols.’ orientation with respect to the surface and structural defects within the film, water mols. can access the humidity-sensitive sites of the SiO₂ substrate surface, whose hydrophilicity can be tuned for an improved device response. The synergistic chem. engineering of materials and interfaces is thus key for designing highly sensitive humidity-responsive elec. devices whose mechanism relies on the interplay of electron and proton transport. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Application of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Application of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A scale-up procedure to dialkyl carbonates; evaluation of their properties, biodegradability, and toxicity was written by Trapasso, Giacomo;Salaris, Claudio;Reich, Marco;Logunova, Evgenia;Salata, Cristiano;Kummerer, Klaus;Figoli, Alberto;Arico, Fabio. And the article was included in Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy in 2022.Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol This article mentions the following:

In this work, a scale-up procedure to non-com. available or expensive dialkyl carbonates via transcarbonylation reaction of an alc. with di-Me carbonate promoted by 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) was explored. DACs selected for this study include sym. and unsym. compounds incorporating alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, and thioalkyl moieties. Compared to previously published works, the proposed procedure was customized for large-scale production of DACs (up to 100 mL); purification of the products was achieved by distillation, and recycling of the exceeding reagents was addressed. Furthermore, the role of the catalyst was investigated, and a possible reaction mechanism proposed. The chem.-phys. properties of the new DACs were evaluated employing softwares and models based on quant. structure-activity relationships (QSAR). Biodegradability and toxicity tests was also carried out both exptl. and by computational studies so to investigate the effect of the sulfur, nitrogen, or oxygen-containing moieties on the greenness of these – in some cases new -solvents and reagents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Study on synthesis of yellowing resistant and durable antistatic polyurethane composites was written by Hu, Zhandong;Zhang, Shuohao;Kang, Yiyang;Bao, Lixia;Wang, Jiliang. And the article was included in Shandong Huagong in 2021.Formula: C5H12O3 This article mentions the following:

In this paper, the intermediate product 1-(methyl-di(oxyethylene))-3-ethylimidazolium bromide was prepared by N-alkylation using diethylene glycol Me ether, sodium bromide, imidazole and bromoethane as raw materials. ([DMEEIM][Br]) ionic liquid The hydrophilic ionic liquid 1-(methyl-di(oxyethylene))-3-ethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([DMEEIM][BF₄]) was obtained by ion exchange. The target product after separation and purification was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR, and its elec. conductivity was measured. The results showed that its elec. conductivity could reach 367 μS/cm. Using hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol 2000 (PTMEG2000) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) as raw materials, a solution polymerization method was used to obtain a yellowing-resistant polyurethane. The prepared ionic liquid was blended with polyurethane to obtain a permanent antistatic polyurethane composite material with yellowing resistance. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric anal. (TGA) were used to characterize the samples, and their tensile strength, elongation at break and surface resistivity were measured. The results showed that the obtained polyurethane film had excellent resistance to yellowing and permanent static resistance, and its surface resistivity reached 10⁷ Ohm·sq^-1. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Formula: C5H12O3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Formula: C5H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Kinetic trapping of 3D-printable cyclodextrin-based poly(pseudo)rotaxane networks was written by Lin, Qianming;Li, Longyu;Tang, Miao;Uenuma, Shuntaro;Samanta, Jayanta;Li, Shangda;Jiang, Xuanfeng;Zou, Lingyi;Ito, Kohzo;Ke, Chenfeng. And the article was included in Chem in 2021.Formula: C5H12O3 This article mentions the following:

Synthetically trapping kinetically varied (super)structures of mol. assemblies and amplifying them to the macroscale is a promising, yet challenging, approach for the advancement of meta-stable materials. Here, we demonstrated a concerted kinetic trapping design to timely resolve a set of transient polypseudorotaxanes in solution and harness a crop of them via micro-crystallization By installing stopper or speed bump moieties on the polymer axles, meta-stable polypseudorotaxanes with segmented cyclodextrin blocks were hierarchically amplified into crystalline networks of different crosslinking densities at mesoscale and viscoelastic hydrogels with 3D-printability in bulk. We demonstrated simultaneous 3D-printing of two polypseudorotaxane networks from one reactive ensemble and their conversion to heterogeneous polyrotaxane monoliths. Spatially programming the macroscale shapes of these heterogeneous polyrotaxanes enabled the construction of moisture-responsive actuators, in which the shape morphing originated from the different numbers of cyclodextrins interlocked in these polyrotaxane networks. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Formula: C5H12O3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Formula: C5H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Iminopyridyl ligands bearing polyethylene glycol unit for nickel catalyzed ethylene polymerization was written by Yu, Fan;Li, Pei;Xu, Mengli;Xu, Guoyong;Na, Yinna;Zhang, Shaojie;Wang, Fuzhou;Tan, Chen. And the article was included in Polymer in 2021.Application of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

Influence of polyethylene glycol unit on nickel catalyzed ethylene polymerization have attracted increasing interest. The Lewis basic oxygen atoms on polyethylene glycol group can form interactions with Lewis acidic metal additives. In this contribution, a series of iminopyridyl ligands (L-O1, L-O2 and L-O3) bearing polyethylene glycol units and corresponding nickel complexes (Ni-O1, Ni-O2 and Ni-O3) were designed, synthesized and characterized. By the activation of alkylaluminium cocatalysts, the nickel complexes and their corresponding MgCl₂-supported nickel precatalysts (Ni-O1-Mg, Ni-O2-Mg and Ni-O3-Mg) were investigated in catalytic homogeneous and heterogeneous ethylene polymerization, resp. The mol. weight of products increased with the number of oxygen atoms on polyethylene glycol unit increasing. The introduction of the MgCl₂ support resulted in much higher mol. weights and much lower branched densities of polyethylenes than those of products generated in the homogeneous polymerizations The polymers generated in heterogeneous polymerizations have excellent polymer powder morphol. to prevent reactor fouling, facilitating potential industrial applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Application of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Application of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Luminescent Vesicles Self-assembled Directly from an Amphiphilic Europium Complex in an Ionic Liquid was written by Li, Qingrun;Song, Shenghan;Feng, Zhenyu;Qiu, Juan;Sun, Meng;Chen, Xiao. And the article was included in Langmuir in 2020.Related Products of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

Novel luminescent vesicles with enhanced emission were achieved by an amphiphilic Eu complex through its spontaneously self-assembly in an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim]PF₆). The complex was prepared by Eu ions coordinated with terpyridine ligands, which were modified with the hydrophilic ethoxy chains. The enhanced absolute quantum yield and prolonged fluorescence lifetime of complex in vesicles were observed because of the effective shielding of the quench effects caused by both solvent and complex concentration Compared to the aggregates formed in other solvents, the vesicles obtained in [Bmim]PF₆ showed the best luminescence intensity with the quantum efficiency (37.74%) and luminescent emission lifetime (1.915 ms) both increased ∼10 times more. This Eu complex was designed to show unsaturated coordination, which made the vesicle luminescence easily quenched when contacting with H₂O. The fluorescence sensing of H₂O with this vesicle as probe was possible, where several unique properties like high sensitivity, low detection limit (0.05 volume%), visible color change, and fast response had been observed Such designed systems are expected to provide strategies to develop novel supramol. aggregates in ionic liquids and offer guidance for luminescence detection with facile and wide applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Related Products of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Related Products of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Toward solvent-free continuous-flow electrochemically mediated carbon capture with high-concentration liquid quinone chemistry was written by Diederichsen, Kyle M.;Liu, Yayuan;Ozbek, Nil;Seo, Hyowon;Hatton, T. Alan. And the article was included in Joule in 2022.Product Details of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

The recent interest in electrochem. methods of carbon capture has thus far focused either on static adsorbent-type electrodes, which require complex gas distribution and release engineering, or aqueous flowing systems, which allow capture over large, distributed areas and release from a centralized point, but require large amounts of water. Here, we advance a concept for a flowing, electrochem. mediated carbon capture process by utilizing redox-active mols. that are liquid at room temperature, avoiding the need for large water feeds. To demonstrate the potential of this concept, we employed a liquid quinone sorbent with added glyme to aid in salt solubilization coupled to a ferrocene-derived counter electrolyte. We achieved good electrochem. stability and continuous capture and release of CO₂ in a full bench scale process. Our concept for continuous-flow electrochem. CO₂ capture suggests many areas for further study, particularly the need for novel cell concepts and designs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Product Details of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Product Details of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Excess molar enthalpy measurement and modelling of (oxygenated compounds + hydrocarbon) mixtures: Binary and ternary mixtures containing 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol, 1-hexene and cyclohexane at (298.15 and 313.15) K was written by Lifi, Mohamed;Munoz-Rujas, Natalia;Montero, Eduardo A.;Negadi, Latifa;Aguilar, Fernando;Ezzahrae M′hamdi Alaoui, Fatima. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics in 2020.Product Details of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

NEW measurements and modeling data of excess molar enthalpy H^E at atm. pressure and temperatures of (298.15 and 313.15) K using a quasi-isothermal flow calorimeter are presented in this work for the ternary system diethylene glycol monomethyl ether glycol (2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol) + 1-hexene + cyclohexane and the corresponding binary systems over the whole composition range. All the binary and ternary systems present an endothermic behavior at the chosen temperatures The exptl. data of the binary and ternary systems were correlated using the modified Redlich-Kister equation, NRTL and UNIQUAC models. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Product Details of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Product Details of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Formation of Enantiomerically Pure Luminescent Triple-Stranded Dimetallic Europium Helicates and Their Corresponding Hierarchical Self-Assembly Formation in Protic Polar Solutions was written by Barry, Dawn E.;Kitchen, Jonathan A.;Pandurangan, Komala;Savyasachi, Aramballi Jayant;Peacock, Robert D.;Gunnlaugsson, Thorfinnur. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2020.Reference of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

Ditopic helicate ligands consisting of two enantiomeric naphthalene units connected to two diethylene glycol substituted pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide moieties linked by a xylene spacer (L¹ and L²) were synthesized for the formation of dinuclear Eu^III luminescent chiral helical assemblies (Eu₂·L₃) in competitive organic and protic solvent media. Spectroscopic anal. revealed formation of the 2:3 (Eu₂·L₃) and 2:2 (Eu₂·L₂) species in methanolic solutions CD and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) spectroscopy confirmed the chiral purity of the helical systems, while SEM imaging demonstrated the formation of hierarchical self-assemblies with spherical morphologies. Ligands L¹ and L² were synthesized for use in the formation of dinuclear Eu^III 2:3 (Eu₂·L₃) luminescent chiral helical assemblies in competitive media. CD and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) spectroscopy confirmed the chiral purity of the enantiomeric helical systems, while the use of SEM imaging illustrated aggregation of the Eu₂·L¹₃ complex in both MeOH and MeOH/water solvent mixtures and the formation of hierarchical self-assemblies with spherical morphologies and diameter sizes ranging from 0.079 to 0.681μm. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Reference of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Reference of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Study on hydrothermal liquefaction of antibiotic residues for bio-oil in ethanol-water system was written by Yang, Jian;Hong, Chen;Li, Zaixing;Xing, Yi;Zhao, Xiumei. And the article was included in Waste Management (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2021.Safety of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol This article mentions the following:

In this study, antibiotic residue was converted into bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) in subcritical or supercritical ethanol/water system. The bio-oil yield increased firstly as the ethanol/water ratio < 1:1, reaction temperature < 280°C, residence time < 150 min, and thereafter decreased. However, the bio-oil yield continuously decreased with a plunge at 15% as the solid/liquid ratio increased. The change tendency of O/C, H/C and N/C of bio-oil indicated different reaction mechanism of HTL. The addition of ethanol significantly promoted the esterification reaction, leading to increase of aliphatics content of bio-oil, especially branched long-chain aliphatics. Comprehensively considering the bio-oil yield, production cost, higher heating value (HHV) and chem. composition, the optimal process parameters of HTL were obtained as follows: ethanol/water ratio of 1:1, reaction temperature of 280°C, residence time of 150 min, and solid/liquid ratio of 15%, under which the bio-oil yield was 33.29 wt%, HHV was 33.47 MJ/kg, and the main compositions of bio-oil were esters (>48%). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Safety of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Safety of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem