Category: 103-16-2

The synthesis and characterization of giant Calixarenes was written by Guerineau, Vincent;Rollet, Marion;Viel, Stephane;Lepoittevin, Benedicte;Costa, Ludovic;Saint-Aguet, Pascale;Laurent, Regis;Roger, Philippe;Gigmes, Didier;Martini, Cyril;Huc, Vincent. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2019.Electric Literature of C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Calixarenes are cyclic oligomers obtained by condensation of suitable p-functionalized phenols with formaldehyde, usually allowing for the synthesis of the well known small calixarenes (including up to eight phenolic subunits). We report here the discovery of much larger members of this family, exhibiting sizes up to 90 phenolic subunits: the giant calixarenes. These macrocycles are obtained according to simple, easily scalable processes, in yields up to 65%. We show that the formation of these giant macrocycles is favored by an oxygen-containing-group at the para-position of the starting phenol, high concentrations of heavy alk. bases (rubidium or cesium hydroxides) and long reaction times. A mechanism is proposed to rationalize these observations. These giant macrocycles can also be obtained in the quasi-solid state, opening interesting perspectives in the field of calixarenes chem. Along with their intrinsic fundamental interest, these objects are also opening interesting applicative potentialities. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Electric Literature of C13H12O2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Electric Literature of C13H12O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The synthesis and characterization of giant Calixarenes was written by Guerineau, Vincent;Rollet, Marion;Viel, Stephane;Lepoittevin, Benedicte;Costa, Ludovic;Saint-Aguet, Pascale;Laurent, Regis;Roger, Philippe;Gigmes, Didier;Martini, Cyril;Huc, Vincent. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2019.Quality Control of 4-Benzyloxyphenol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Calixarenes are cyclic oligomers obtained by condensation of suitable p-functionalized phenols with formaldehyde, usually allowing for the synthesis of the well known small calixarenes (including up to eight phenolic subunits). We report here the discovery of much larger members of this family, exhibiting sizes up to 90 phenolic subunits: the giant calixarenes. These macrocycles are obtained according to simple, easily scalable processes, in yields up to 65%. We show that the formation of these giant macrocycles is favored by an oxygen-containing-group at the para-position of the starting phenol, high concentrations of heavy alk. bases (rubidium or cesium hydroxides) and long reaction times. A mechanism is proposed to rationalize these observations. These giant macrocycles can also be obtained in the quasi-solid state, opening interesting perspectives in the field of calixarenes chem. Along with their intrinsic fundamental interest, these objects are also opening interesting applicative potentialities. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Quality Control of 4-Benzyloxyphenol).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Quality Control of 4-Benzyloxyphenol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The Chiral Twist-Bend Nematic Phase (N*_TB) was written by Walker, Rebecca;Pociecha, Damian;Storey, John M. D.;Gorecka, Ewa;Imrie, Corrie T.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2019.Synthetic Route of C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The twist-bend nematic, N_TB, phase has been observed for chiral materials in which chirality is introduced through a branched 2-methylbutyl terminal tail. The chiral twist-bend nematic phase, N*_TB, is completely miscible with the N_TB phase of the standard achiral material, CB6OCB. The N*_TB phase exhibits optical textures with lower birefringence than those observed for the achiral N_TB phase, suggesting an addnl. mechanism of averaging mol. orientations. The N*-N*_TB transition temperatures for the chiral materials are higher than the N_TB-N transition temperatures seen for the corresponding racemic materials. This suggests the double degeneracy of helical twist sense in the NTB* phase is removed by the intrinsic mol. chirality. A square lattice pattern is observed in the N* phase over a temperature range of several degrees above the N*_TB-N phase transition, which may be attributed to a non-monotonic dependence of the bend elastic constant This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Synthetic Route of C13H12O2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Synthetic Route of C13H12O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Quantum Dot-Catalyzed Photoreductive Removal of Sulfonyl-Based Protecting Groups was written by Perez, Kaitlyn A.;Rogers, Cameron R.;Weiss, Emily A.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020.Product Details of 103-16-2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

This Communication describes the use of CuInS₂/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) as photocatalysts for the reductive deprotection of aryl sulfonyl-protected phenols. For a series of aryl sulfonates with electron-withdrawing substituents, the rate of deprotection for the corresponding Ph aryl sulfonates increases with decreasing electrochem. potential for the two electron transfers within the catalytic cycle. The rate of deprotection for a substrate that contains a carboxylic acid, a known QD-binding group, is accelerated by more than a factor of ten from that expected from the electrochem. potential for the transformation, a result that suggests that formation of metastable electron donor-acceptor complexes provides a significant kinetic advantage. This deprotection method does not perturb the common NHBoc or toluenesulfonyl protecting groups and, as demonstrated with an estrone substrate, does not perturb proximate ketones, which are generally vulnerable to many chem. reduction methods used for this class of reactions. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Product Details of 103-16-2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Product Details of 103-16-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Quantum Dot-Catalyzed Photoreductive Removal of Sulfonyl-Based Protecting Groups was written by Perez, Kaitlyn A.;Rogers, Cameron R.;Weiss, Emily A.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 103-16-2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

This Communication describes the use of CuInS₂/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) as photocatalysts for the reductive deprotection of aryl sulfonyl-protected phenols. For a series of aryl sulfonates with electron-withdrawing substituents, the rate of deprotection for the corresponding Ph aryl sulfonates increases with decreasing electrochem. potential for the two electron transfers within the catalytic cycle. The rate of deprotection for a substrate that contains a carboxylic acid, a known QD-binding group, is accelerated by more than a factor of ten from that expected from the electrochem. potential for the transformation, a result that suggests that formation of metastable electron donor-acceptor complexes provides a significant kinetic advantage. This deprotection method does not perturb the common NHBoc or toluenesulfonyl protecting groups and, as demonstrated with an estrone substrate, does not perturb proximate ketones, which are generally vulnerable to many chem. reduction methods used for this class of reactions. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2HPLC of Formula: 103-16-2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.HPLC of Formula: 103-16-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Highly Efficient Cleavage of Ether Bonds in Lignin Models by Transfer Hydrogenolysis over Dual-Functional Ruthenium/Montmorillonite was written by Xue, Zhimin;Yu, Haitao;He, Jing;Zhang, Yibin;Lan, Xue;Liu, Rundong;Zhang, Luyao;Mu, Tiancheng. And the article was included in ChemSusChem in 2020.Formula: C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Cleavage of ether bonds is a crucial but challenging step for lignin valorization. To efficiently realize this transformation, the development of robust catalysts or catalytic systems is required. In this study, montmorillonite (MMT)-supported Ru (denoted as Ru/MMT) is fabricated as a dual-functional heterogeneous catalyst to cleave various types of ether bonds through transfer hydrogenolysis without using any addnl. acids or bases. The prepared Ru/MMT material is found to efficiently catalyze the cleavage of various lignin models and lignin-derived phenols; cyclohexanes (fuels) and cyclohexanols (key intermediates) are the main products. The synergistic effect between electron-enriched Ru and the acidic sites on MMT contributes to the excellent performance of Ru/MMT. Systematic studies reveal that the reaction proceeds through two possible reaction pathways, including the direct cleavage of ether bonds and the formation of intermediates with one hydrogenated benzene ring, for all examined types of ether bonds, namely, 4-O-5, α-O-4, and β-O-4. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Formula: C13H12O2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Formula: C13H12O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Highly Efficient Cleavage of Ether Bonds in Lignin Models by Transfer Hydrogenolysis over Dual-Functional Ruthenium/Montmorillonite was written by Xue, Zhimin;Yu, Haitao;He, Jing;Zhang, Yibin;Lan, Xue;Liu, Rundong;Zhang, Luyao;Mu, Tiancheng. And the article was included in ChemSusChem in 2020.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Cleavage of ether bonds is a crucial but challenging step for lignin valorization. To efficiently realize this transformation, the development of robust catalysts or catalytic systems is required. In this study, montmorillonite (MMT)-supported Ru (denoted as Ru/MMT) is fabricated as a dual-functional heterogeneous catalyst to cleave various types of ether bonds through transfer hydrogenolysis without using any addnl. acids or bases. The prepared Ru/MMT material is found to efficiently catalyze the cleavage of various lignin models and lignin-derived phenols; cyclohexanes (fuels) and cyclohexanols (key intermediates) are the main products. The synergistic effect between electron-enriched Ru and the acidic sites on MMT contributes to the excellent performance of Ru/MMT. Systematic studies reveal that the reaction proceeds through two possible reaction pathways, including the direct cleavage of ether bonds and the formation of intermediates with one hydrogenated benzene ring, for all examined types of ether bonds, namely, 4-O-5, α-O-4, and β-O-4. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Characterization of Novel ¹⁸F-Labeled Phenoxymethylpyridine Derivatives as Amylin Imaging Probes was written by Watanabe, Hiroyuki;Yoshimura, Masashi;Sano, Kohei;Shimizu, Yoichi;Kaide, Sho;Nakamoto, Yuji;Togashi, Kaori;Ono, Masahiro;Saji, Hideo. And the article was included in Molecular Pharmaceutics in 2018.Formula: C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Deposition of islet amyloid consisting of amylin constitutes one of pathol. hallmarks of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and it may be involved in the development and progression of T2DM. However, the details about the relationship between the deposition of islet amyloid and the pathol. of T2DM remain unclear, since no useful imaging tracer enabling the visualization of pancreatic amylin is available. In the present study, we synthesized and evaluated six novel ¹⁸F-labeled phenoxymethylpyridine (PMP) derivatives as amylin imaging probes. All ¹⁸F-labeled PMP derivatives showed not only affinity for islet amyloid in the post-mortem T2DM pancreatic sections but also excellent pharmacokinetics in normal mice. Furthermore, ex vivo autoradiog. studies demonstrated that [¹⁸F]FPMP-5 showed intense labeling of islet amyloids in the diabetes model mouse pancreas in vivo. The preclin. studies suggested that [¹⁸F]FPMP-5 may have potential as an imaging probe that targets amylin aggregates in the T2DM pancreas. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Formula: C13H12O2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Formula: C13H12O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Mechanism of action of 4-substituted phenols to induce vitiligo and antimelanoma immunity was written by Kammeyer, Arthur;Willemsen, Karin J.;Ouwerkerk, Wouter;Bakker, Walbert J.;Ratsma, Danielle;Pronk, Sebas D.;Smit, Nico P. M.;Luiten, Rosalie M.. And the article was included in Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research in 2019.HPLC of Formula: 103-16-2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Monobenzone is a 4-substituted phenol that can induce vitiligo and antimelanoma immunity. We investigated the influence of the chem. structure on the biol. activity of a series of structurally related 4-substituted phenols. All phenols inhibited cellular melanin synthesis, and eight of ten phenols inhibited tyrosinase activity, using the MBTH assay. These phenols also induced glutathione (GSH) depletion, indicative of quinone formation and protein thiol binding, which can increase the immunogenicity of melanosomal proteins. Specific T-cell activation was found upon stimulation with phenol-exposed pigmented cells, which also reacted with unexposed cells. In contrast, 4-tertbutylphenol induced immune activation was not restricted to pigment cells, analogous to contact sensitization. We conclude that 4-substituted phenols can induce specific T-cell responses against melanocytes and melanoma cells, also acting at distant, unexposed body sites, and may confer a risk of chem. vitiligo. Conversely, these phenols may be applicable to induce specific antimelanoma immunity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2HPLC of Formula: 103-16-2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.HPLC of Formula: 103-16-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Towards a real knotaxane was written by Duden, Torben;Luening, Ulrich. And the article was included in Chemistry (Basel, Switzerland) in 2020.Synthetic Route of C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Two classes of mech. interlocked mols., [3]rotaxanes and knotted [1]rotaxanes, were the subject of this investigation. The necessary building blocks, alkyne-terminated axles containing two ammonium ions and azide-terminated stoppers, and azide-containing substituted macrocycles, have been synthesized and characterized. Different [3]rotaxanes were synthesized by copper-catalyzed “click” reactions between the azide stoppers and [3]pseudorotaxanes formed from the dialkyne axles and crown ethers (DB24C8). Methylation of the triazoles formed by the “click” reaction introduced a second binding site, and switching via deprotonation/protonation was investigated. In preliminary tests for the synthesis of a knotted [1]rotaxane, pseudorotaxanes were formed from azide-containing substituted macrocycles and dialkyne substituted diammonium axles, and copper-catalyzed “click” reactions were carried out. Mass spectral analyses showed successful double “click” reactions between two modified macrocycles and one axle. Whether a knotted [1]rotaxane was formed could not be determined This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Synthetic Route of C13H12O2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Synthetic Route of C13H12O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem