Ethers do have nonbonding electron pairs on their oxygen atoms, 530-59-6, formula is C11H12O5, Name is 3,5-Dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds. Reference of 530-59-6.
Awan, Ambreen Mehmood;Majeed, Wafa;Muhammad, Faqir;Faisal, Muhammad Naeem research published 《 Acacia jacquemontii ethyl acetate extract reduces hyperglycemia and pro-inflammatory markers while increasing endogenous antioxidant potential in alloxan-induced diabetic rats》, the research content is summarized as follows. Acacia jacquemontii possess has numerous traditional therapeutic uses. The rationale of this study was to investigate the role of Acacia jacquemontii Et acetate extract (AJEAE) in the downregulation of hyperglycemia. The current study was performed in two parts, in vitro, through characterization (high-performance liquid chromatog.), estimation of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylassay), and α-amylase inhibitory activities of the studied extract, and in vivo using Wistar rats in which animals were divided into five groups NC, DC, GL, AJEAE 250 mg/kg, and AJEAE 500 mg/kg. The effects of AJEAE on fasting plasma glucose, plasma insulin, HOMA-IR, oral glucose tolerance test, glycated Hb (HBA1c), lipid profile, inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha), and oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation, nitic oxide, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) were evaluated. Our findings confirmed the presence of quercetin, kaempferol, gallic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, M-coumaric acid, sinapic acid, chlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid, and ferulic acid in AJEAE. Total flavonoid and phenolic contents in AJEAE were 83.83 mg GAE/g and 77.06 mg QE/g, resp. Significant inhibition of DPPH (69.470%/1 mg/mL) and α-amylase (71.8%/1 mg/mL) activities were exhibited by AJEAE. Alloxan-injected rats showed marked hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, and increased inflammatory marker levels as compared to normal control (p < 0.001). Addnl., raised levels of triglyceride (139.7 ± 2.771), total cholesterol (198.7 ± 1.856), very low-d. lipoprotein (33.43 ± 0.2728), low-d. lipoprotein (155.5 ± 2.754), lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide (p < 0.001) and decreased levels of high-d. lipoprotein (17.20 ± 0.1732), superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were observed in diabetic rats (p < 0.001). AJEAE significantly (p < 0.05) improved the aforementioned parameters and the protective efficacy was comparable to glibenclamide. Histopathol. findings also evidenced the anti-hyperglycemic properties of AJEAE through regeneration of pancreatic β cells. Our findings demonstrated the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pancreatic beta β cell regenerative properties of AJEAE against alloxan-induced diabetes.
Reference of 530-59-6, Sinapinic acid is a chemical compound that is the dihydroxybenzoic acid derivative of sinapic acid. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. Sinapinic acid inhibits the activity of various enzymes, such as cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP). It also decreases levels of adhesion molecules and downregulates inflammatory response genes. Sinapinic acid has been shown to reduce inflammation by inhibiting the formation of proinflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandin E2 or leukotriene B4, in endothelial cells and mammary epithelial cells.
Sinapic acid is a phenylpropanoid hydroxycinnamic acid with diverse biological activities. Sinapic acid inhibits collagen-induced human platelet aggregation by up to 70% in vitro (IC50 = 1.03 mM). It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; ) and 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) free radicals with IC50 values of 8.3 and 5.4 μg/ml, respectively. Sinapic acid (200 μM) reduces colony formation of SW480 human colon carcinoma cells by 4-fold. It also inhibits colony formation of E. coli, S. enteritidis, and S. aureus on agar (MICs = 2.2, 2, and 1.8 mM, respectively). In vivo, sinapic acid (4 mg/kg, p.o.) increases the time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze by approximately 15% in mice, an effect that can be blocked by the GABAA receptor antagonists flumazenil and bicuculline. Sinapic acid is also commonly used as a matrix in protein mass spectrometry.
Sinapic acid analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.
Sinapic acid is an hydroxycinnamic acid derivative that occurs naturally in Brassicaceae species.
cis-Sinapic acid, also known as cis-sinapate or synapitic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxycinnamic acids. Hydroxycinnamic acids are compounds containing an cinnamic acid where the benzene ring is hydroxylated. cis-Sinapic acid is considered to be a practically insoluble (in water) and relatively neutral molecule. Within the cell, cis-sinapic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm. Outside of the human body, cis-sinapic acid can be found in common pea and pulses. This makes cis-sinapic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Cis-sinapic acid is a 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid in which the double bond has cis-configuration. It has been isolated from the shoots of alfalfa. It has a role as a plant metabolite., 530-59-6.
Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem