Komakech, Richard published the artcileGC-MS and LC-TOF-MS profiles, toxicity, and macrophage-dependent in vitro anti-osteoporosis activity of Prunus africana (Hook f.) Kalkman Bark, Application In Synthesis of 134-96-3, the publication is Scientific Reports (2022), 12(1), 7044, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.
Osteoporosis affects millions of people worldwide. As such, this study assessed the macrophage-dependent in vitro anti-osteoporosis, phytochem. profile and hepatotoxicity effects in zebrafish larvae of the stem bark extracts of P. africana. Mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMM) cells were plated in 96-well plates and treated with P. africana methanolic bark extracts at concentrations of 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 μg/mL for 24 h. The osteoclast tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and cell viability were measured. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced Nitrite (NO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production inhibitory effects of P. africana bark extracts (Methanolic, 150 μg/mL) and β-sitosterol (100 μM) were conducted using RAW 264.7 cells. Addnl., inhibition of IL-1β secretion and TRAP activity were determined for chlorogenic acid, catechin, naringenin and β-sitosterol. For toxicity study, zebrafish larvae were exposed to different concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL P. africana methanolic, ethanolic and water bark extracts DMSO (0.05%) was used as a neg. control and tamoxifen (5 μM) and dexamethasone (40 μM or 80 μM) were pos. controls. The methanolic P. africana extracts significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) TRAP activity at all concentrations and at 12.5 and 25 μg/mL, the extract exhibited significant (p < 0.05) BMM cell viability. NO production was significantly inhibited (all p < 0.0001) by the sample. IL-6 secretion was significantly inhibited by P. africana methanolic extract (p < 0.0001) and β-sitosterol (p < 0.0001) and further, chlorogenic acid and naringenin remarkably inhibited IL-1β production The P. africana methanolic extract significantly inhibited RANKL-induced TRAP activity. The phytochem. study of P. africana stem bark revealed a number of chem. compounds with anti-osteoporosis activity. There was no observed hepatocyte apoptosis in the liver of zebrafish larvae. In conclusion, the stem bark of P. africana is non-toxic to the liver and its inhibition of TRAP activity makes it an important source for future anti-osteoporosis drug development.
Scientific Reports published new progress about 134-96-3. 134-96-3 belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Immunology/Inflammation,COX,Natural product, name is 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, and the molecular formula is C9H10O4, Application In Synthesis of 134-96-3.
Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ether,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem