Black pepper prevents anemia of inflammation by inhibiting hepcidin over-expression through BMP6-SMAD1/ IL6-STAT3 signaling pathway was written by Banerjee, Somesh;Katiyar, Parul;Kumar, Lokesh;Kumar, Vijay;Saini, Shashank Sagar;Krishnan, Vengadesan;Sircar, Debabrata;Roy, Partha. And the article was included in Free Radical Biology & Medicine in 2021.Electric Literature of C9H12O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Hepcidin, a circulatory hepatic peptide hormone, is associated with systemic iron homeostasis. Inflammation leads to an increase in hepcidin expression, which dysregulates body iron level. The related disorder, anemia of inflammation, is the second most prevalent anemia-related disorder worldwide. In the present study, we conducted in vitro and in vivo studies to evaluate the effect of black pepper (BP) and its major bioactive alkaloid, piperine, on anemia of inflammation. The initial in vitro study using human hepatocyte cell line, HepG2, confirmed that among different black pepper extracts: methanol (BPME), ethanol (BPEE) and aqueous (BPAE), BPME to be most effective in downregulating transcription of hepcidin gene. Further, BPME and piperine significantly downregulated hepcidin protein expression at 200μg/mL and 100μM concentrations, resp. In the next phase, BPME and piperine were found to significantly attenuate BMP-6 and IL-6 induced hepcidin overexpression by downregulating the increased level of pSMAD1 and pSTAT3 proteins, resp. For in vivo study, we first s.c. injected male BALB/c mice with oil of turpentine, thrice within a period of two weeks, in order to enhance the expression of hepcidin. After that, the i.p. administration of BPME and piperine at 70 and 25 mg/kg body weight, resp., on alternate days for a period of another two weeks resulted in downregulation of hepcidin overexpression in diseased mice, as confirmed by RT-PCR and immunoblot anal. The histopathol. of liver tissue confirmed increased iron bioavailability in BPME and piperine treated animals. The mol. docking-based interaction studies demonstrated the binding potential of piperine with SMAD1 and STAT3 proteins. The binding patterns supported the proposed inhibition of hepcidin activating proteins. All together, these findings suggest black pepper as a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of anemia of inflammation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Electric Literature of C9H12O3).
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Electric Literature of C9H12O3
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Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem