Month: February 2023

Synthesis and antiviral activity of lycorine derivatives was written by Yang, Ya-Jun;Liu, Jiang-Ning;Pan, Xian-Dao. And the article was included in Journal of Asian Natural Products Research in 2020.COA of Formula: C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

There are no effective antiviral drugs to treat hand, foot, and mouth disease. In this study, a series of lycorine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated against enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 in vitro. Derivatives with the phenoxyacyl group at the C-1 position showed higher efficacy and lower toxicity than lycorine. In addition, derivative enhanced the survival rate to 40% in the mouse model of the lethal EV71 infection. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4COA of Formula: C9H10O4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.COA of Formula: C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Metal-free reduction of unsaturated carbonyls, quinones, and pyridinium salts with tetrahydroxydiboron/water was written by Peng, Henian;Li, Tiejun;Tian, Duanshuai;Yang, He;Xu, Guangqing;Tang, Wenjun. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

A series of unsaturated carbonyls, quinones and pyridinium salts were effectively reduced to the corresponding saturated carbonyls, dihydroxybenzenes and di- and tetrahydropyridines in moderate to high yields with tetrahydroxydiboron/water as a mild, convenient and metal-free reduction system. Deuterium-labeling experiments revealed this protocol to be an exclusive transfer hydrogenation process from water. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Formation of organometallic species from complexes of N-phenylaza-crown ether conjugates with lead cations in CID-MS/MS conditions was written by Franski, Rafal;Ogorek, Katarzyna;Gierczyk, Blazej. And the article was included in International Journal of Mass Spectrometry in 2017.Safety of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane This article mentions the following:

Gas phase decomposition of the ions [M + PbNO₃]⁺ (M stands for fluoro-substituted N-nitrophenylaza-crown ether conjugate), has been studied by the electrospray ionization-collision induced dissociation-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-CID-MS/MS). The conjugates containing hydrogen atom at ortho position to the crown moiety, form abundant fragment ions which can be assigned as complexes of deprotonated conjugates and lead cation, thus the ions [M – H + Pb]⁺ (fragment ions formed as a result of HNO₃ loss). Interaction between the nitro group (present at the second ortho position to the crown moiety) and the metal cation affects the formation of fragment ion [M – H + Pb]⁺ (but does not prevent its formation). Ions [M – H + Pb]⁺ are very rare example of the organometallic species (containing metal-carbon bond), in which metal cation is also complexed by crown ether moiety. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Safety of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Safety of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Efficient synthesis of 6-(hetero)arylthieno[3,2-b]pyridines by Suzuki-Miyaura coupling. Evaluation of growth inhibition on human tumor cell lines, SARs and effects on the cell cycle was written by Queiroz, Maria-Joao R. P.;Calhelha, Ricardo C.;Vale-Silva, Luis A.;Pinto, Eugenia;Lima, Raquel T.;Vasconcelos, M. Helena. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2010.Synthetic Route of C14H21BO4 This article mentions the following:

A wide variety of new bi(hetero)aryl derivatives of the thieno[3,2-b]pyridine skeleton was obtained in high to excellent yields (65-91%) by Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of the Me 3-amino-6-bromothieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate, recently reported by us, with aryl or heteroaryl pinacolboranes or potassium trifluoroborates. The coupling products obtained were evaluated for their growth inhibitory effect on three human tumor cell lines, representing different tumor models, MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), A375-C5 (melanoma) and NCI-H460 (non-small cell lung cancer). Some of the compounds showed an interesting activity against the tested cell lines, with GI₅₀ values in the 婵炴挾鎷?range, and it was possible to establish some structure-activity relationships (SARs). Several compounds presented GI₅₀ values below 15 婵炴挾鎷? particularly a bithiophene and an o-aniline thienopyridine derivative The first presented selectivity for MCF-7 and NCI-H460 cell lines, with very low GI₅₀ values (0.7-1.0 婵炴挾鎷?, while the latter was active against the three cell lines tested in this study, also presenting very low GI₅₀ values (2.5-4.2 婵炴挾鎷?. The effect of these two compounds on cell cycle progression was analyzed in the NCI-H460 cell line. Results showed that both compounds interfered with the normal cell cycle distribution. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Synthetic Route of C14H21BO4).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O闂佺偨鍎插?or N闂佺偨鍎插?bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Synthetic Route of C14H21BO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Metal-free halogenation of arylboronate with N-halosuccinimide was written by Kamei, Toshiyuki;Ishibashi, Aoi;Shimada, Toyoshi. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2014.Reference of 365564-07-4 This article mentions the following:

Efficient bromination and chlorination of aryl pinacol boronates were accomplished without the addition of metal reagent. The reaction proceeded efficiently with electron-rich arylboronates or heteroarylboronates in DMF or acetonitrile, to afford mono-, di-, or trihalogenated aryl pinacol boronates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Reference of 365564-07-4).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Reference of 365564-07-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of Bicyclo[n.1.0]alkanes by a Cobalt-Catalyzed Multiple C(sp³)-H Activation Strategy was written by Zhang, Zhuo-Zhuo;Han, Ye-Qiang;Zhan, Bei-Bei;Wang, Sai;Shi, Bing-Feng. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2017.COA of Formula: C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

A Co-catalyzed dual C(sp³)-H activation strategy was developed and it provides a novel strategy for the synthesis of bicyclo[4.1.0]heptanes and bicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes. A key to the success of this reaction is the conformation-induced methylene C(sp³)-H activation of the resulting cobaltabicyclo[4.n.1] intermediate. The synthesis of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane from pivalamide, by a triple C(sp³)-H activation, also was demonstrated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7COA of Formula: C9H10O4).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.COA of Formula: C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Combined lignin defunctionalisation and synthesis gas formation by acceptorless dehydrogenative decarbonylation was written by Zhang, Zhenlei;Zijlstra, Douwe S.;Lahive, Ciaran W.;Deuss, Peter. J.. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2020.SDS of cas: 3929-47-3 This article mentions the following:

The valorization of lignin, consisting of various phenylpropanoids building blocks, is hampered by its highly functionalized nature. The absence of the 绾?carbinol group in an unnatural C2 灏?O-4 motif compared to the native lignin C3 灏?O-4 motif provides great opportunities for developing new valorization routes. Thus efficient defunctionalisation approaches that transform the C3 灏?O-4 motif into a simplified C2 灏?O-4 motif are of interest. Based on a study with a series of model compounds, we established a feasible application of an iridium-catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenative decarbonylation method to efficiently remove the 绾?carbinol group in a single step. This defunctionalisation generates valuable synthesis gas, which can be collected as a reaction product. By this direct catalytic transformation, a yield of ~70% could be achieved for a C3 灏?O-4 model compound that was protected from undergoing retro-aldol cleavage by alkoxylation of the benzylic secondary alc. in the 浼?position. A phenylcoumaran model compound containing a 绾?carbinol group as well as a benzylic primary alc. also proved to be reactive under dehydrogenative decarbonylation conditions, which can further contribute to the reduction of the structural complexity of lignin. Notably, the liberation of synthesis gas was confirmed and the signals for the defunctionalized C2 灏?O-4 motif were observed when this dehydrogenative decarbonylation approach was applied on organosolv lignins. This selective defunctionalized lignin in conjunction with the formation of synthesis gas has the potential to enhance the development of profitable and sustainable biorefineries. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3SDS of cas: 3929-47-3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.SDS of cas: 3929-47-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Spin crossover in polymeric and heterometallic Fe^II species containing polytopic dipyridylamino-substituted-triazine ligands was written by Ross, Tamsyn M.;Moubaraki, Boujemaa;Batten, Stuart R.;Murray, Keith S.. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2012.Formula: C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

The authors report the synthesis and characterization of the new polytopic ligands, ddta (N,N-di(pyridin-2-yl)-4,6-di(1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecan-13-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine) and tptd (N²,N²,N⁴,N⁴-tetra(pyridin-2-yl)-6-(1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecan-13-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine). Each contains N-donor dipyridylamino binding sites as well as sep. and distinct mono-aza-15-crown-5 binding sites. The ligand ddta was used to synthesize the polymeric heterometallic spin crossover (SCO) compound trans-[Fe(II)(NCS)₂(ddta)₂Na₂](ClO₄)₂.4MeCH₂CH₂OH, (I), and tptd was used to synthesize the polymeric SCO compound trans-[Fe(II)(NCS)₂(tptd)].MeOH, (II), and the dinuclear compound cis-[(Fe(II))₂(NCS)₄(tptd)₂], (III). Magnetic susceptibility measurements show that I and a desolvated sample of III each undergo a gradual, 1-step spin transition with T₁/2 values of 閳?40 K and 閳?10 K, resp. The paucity of inter-chain intermol. interactions, as well as the flexible, covalent bridges between Fe(II) spin crossover sites, are likely to contribute to the gradual nature of the spin transition observed in each case. Variable temperature powder x-ray diffraction studies on I show the anisotropic behavior of the unit cell parameters, where c and the b-c plane are most affected by structural changes occurring as the temperature is lowered. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Formula: C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O閳ユ椊 or N閳ユ椊 bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Formula: C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Bioinspired o-Naphthoquinone-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones was written by Baek, Jisun;Si, Tengda;Kim, Hun Young;Oh, Kyungsoo. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

A biomimetic alc. dehydrogenase (ADH)-like oxidation protocol was developed using an ortho-naphthoquinone (4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-dione) catalyst in the presence of a catalytic amount of base. The developed organocatalytic aerobic oxidation of alcs., e.g., 4-chlorobenzyl alc. protocol proceeds through the intramol. 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer of naphthalene alkoxide intermediates, a mechanistically distinctive feature from the previous alc. dehydrogenase mimics that require metals in the active form of catalysts. The ADH-like aerobic oxidation protocol should provide green alternatives to the existing stoichiometric and metal-catalyzed alc. oxidation reactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5HPLC of Formula: 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.HPLC of Formula: 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis and photophysical properties of 2,2′-binaphthalene-based receptor bearing trimethylsilyl groups to improve the solubility was written by Kondo, Shin-ichi;Watanabe, Naoya;Takahashi, Fubuki;Takeda, Nobuhiro;Unno, Masafumi. And the article was included in Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry in 2013.Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

Two trimethylsilyl groups were introduced at 5- and 5′-positions of 2,2′-binaphthalene to improve the solubility of 2,2′-binaphthalene-based receptors. The x-ray crystallog. anal. revealed the twisted structure of 2 in the solid state. The solubility of 2 was moderately improved by 3.1-fold comparing with mother skeleton 1. As a practical example of 2, receptor 8 bearing two aza-15-crown-5 moieties was prepared and the selective binding of 8 with Ba²⁺ can be observed by the formation of sandwich-like complex, which shows no prevention of binding ability of the receptor by introduction of the bulky substituents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem