Nickel-Catalyzed Formation of 1,3-Dienes via a Highly Selective Cross-Tetramerization of Tetrafluoroethylene, Styrenes, Alkynes, and Ethylene was written by Kawashima, Takuya;Ohashi, Masato;Ogoshi, Sensuke. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2017.COA of Formula: C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:
In the presence of a catalytic amount of Ni(cod)2 (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) and PCy3 (Cy = cyclohexyl), the cross-tetramerization of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), alkynes, and ethylene occurred in a highly selective manner to afford a variety of 1,3-dienes with a 3,3,4,4-tetrafluorobutyl chain. In addition, a Ni(0)-catalyzed cross-tetramerization of TFE, alkynes, ethylene, and styrenes was developed. These catalytic reactions might proceed via partially fluorinated five- and seven-membered nickelacycle key intermediates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8COA of Formula: C6H10O2).
1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.COA of Formula: C6H10O2
Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem