Development and clinical trials on anti-inflammatory effect of transdermal patch containing a combination of Kaempferia parviflora and Curcuma longa extracts was written by Tuntiyasawasdikul, Sarunya;Sripanidkulchai, Bungorn. And the article was included in Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology in 2022.Electric Literature of C19H16O4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Kaempferia parviflora and Curcuma longa have been widely reported to have a potent anti-inflammatory effect. However, both extracts have been shown to have low bioavailability and high-level first pass metabolism upon oral administration. This study aimed to develop transdermal delivery of a combination of both extracts in matrix-patch formulations with five different volatile oils which possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Fourteen formulations exhibited good physicochem. properties and stability. The release of methoxyflavones increased significantly when the concentration of PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) in the patches increased. The drug release kinetics were best-fitted with the zero-order and Higuchi models, depending on the amount of PVP. When combined with Curcuma longa, the patch provided the highest accumulation of methoxyflavones and curcuminoids within the skin. In the clin., randomized controlled trial, a significant pain improvement was found after seven days of application on the pain area. The pain scores decreased from 5.84 ± 1.57 to 2.74 ± 1.37 and the mean pain pressure threshold increased significantly from 1.79 ± 0.51 N to 2.55 ± 0.41 N. Our results indicated that the developed herbal patches were useful for transdermal application and can be considered as an alternative treatment for pain relief, highlighted by a decrease in pain intensity and an increase in pain tolerance, without skin irritation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0Electric Literature of C19H16O4).
Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Electric Literature of C19H16O4
Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem