Phytochemical profiling, molecular docking, and in vitro anti-hepatocellular carcinoid bioactivity of Suaeda vermiculata extracts was written by Mohammed, Hamdoon A.;Almahmoud, Suliman A.;Arfeen, Minhajul;Srivastava, Ashish;El-Readi, Mahmoud Z.;Ragab, Ehab A.;Shehata, Safia M.;Mohammed, Salman A. A.;Mostafa, Ehab M.;El-khawaga, Hend A.;Khan, Riaz A.. And the article was included in Arabian Journal of Chemistry in 2022.COA of Formula: C9H12O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
The ATP-binding cassette is the major class of transporters responsible for the efflux of chemotherapeutic agents from cancer cells, resulting in treatment failures of cancer patients. Suaeda vermiculata Forssk. ex. Gmel. is traditionally known for its liver protective activity. The LC-MS based chem. profilings of the sequentially partitioned sub-extracts obtained from the alc. extract of S. vermiculata using n-hexane, chloroform, Et acetate, and n-butanol as fractionating solvents, identified a total of thirty six compounds These sub-extracts were evaluated for their anti-hepatocarcinoma activity against the sensitive HepG2 and doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant, HepG-2/ADR cell lines. A mixture of doxorubicin and sub-extracts at 20 μg/mL doses were also tested for their anti-hepatocarcinoma activity. The exhibited IC50 values for the chloroform, Et acetate, n-hexane, and n-butanol sub-extracts, and the doxorubicin against HepG2, and HepG-2/ADR cell lines were found at 64.5, 66.8, 81.25, 125, 1.3 μg/mL, and 110.1, 91.82, 138.2, 265.7, 4.77 μg/mL levels, resp. However, the treatment of resistant cells with 20 μg/mL of different sub-extracts in combination with the doxorubicin showed significant improvements in the doxorubicin activity against the resistant cells, and the IC50 values for DOX + chloroform, DOX + Et acetate, DOX + n-hexane, and DOX + n-butanol against resistant cells, were at 1.77, 2.05, 2.66, and 2.71 μg/mL levels, resp. The IC50 values exhibited 2.69x, 2.33x, 1.79x and 1.76x-folds reversal of the sensitivity in the resistant cancer cell lines. The mol. docking studies of the compounds identified in the LC-MS chem. profilings, against three ATP-binding cassette proteins i.e., ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2, showed that flavonoids as the major class of compounds responsible for reversal of the resistant cells sensitivities. The predicted binding affinity for the flavonoids against the above mentioned three ATP-binding cassette proteins′ are in the ranges of ~-8 to -11 kcal/mol. Our results clearly indicate that the presence of flavonoids, as the major class of compounds in the S. vermiculata is responsible for the chemosensitization of the resistant HCC-cell lines. Moreover, the structures, 21 (5-O-Me visamminol), 22 (N-trans-feruloyl tyramine), 27 (atractylenolide-III), and 32 (ginsenoside-Rh2) were also identified among the potential ATP-binding cassette′s modulators during the current study. These observations put the S. vermiculata in perspective with the traditionally claimed liver protective efficacy of the plant. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1COA of Formula: C9H12O3).
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.COA of Formula: C9H12O3
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