Month: October 2022

《Double connector to TiO2 surface in small molecule triphenyl amine dyes for DSSC applications》 was written by Ozkan, Eren; Mutlu, Adem; Zafer, Ceylan; Dincalp, Haluk. Recommanded Product: 10365-98-7This research focused ontitanium oxide triphenyl amine dye sensitized solar cell. The article conveys some information:

Two novel dyes 3a and 3b named triphenylamine groups containing donor-acceptor structural units have been explored to be used in dye sensitized solar cells as organic sensitizers. The absorption bands of the dyes were extended up to ∼ 550 nm with visible absorption maxima at 408-430 nm and optical band gaps of 2.44-2.47 eV. Compared to the methoxyphenyl-substituted dye, the introduction of triisopropylphenyl group instead of that increased fluorescence quantum yields and exhibited red-shift emission in chloroform. We have investigated the photovoltaic properties of DSSCs based on these metal free organic dyes. It has been found that the power conversion efficiency of DSSCs sensitized with methoxyphenyl based triphenylamine dye is higher than that for sensitized with triisopropylphenyl derivative In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 3-Methoxyphenylboronic acid(cas: 10365-98-7Recommanded Product: 10365-98-7)

3-Methoxyphenylboronic acid(cas: 10365-98-7) belongs to boronic acids. Boronic acids are mild Lewis acids which are generally stable and easy to handle, making them important to organic synthesis.Recommanded Product: 10365-98-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2012,de Graaf, Albert J.; Mastrobattista, Enrico; Vermonden, Tina; van Nostrum, Cornelus F.; Rijkers, Dirk T. S.; Liskamp, Rob M. J.; Hennink, Wim E. published 《Thermosensitive Peptide-Hybrid ABC Block Copolymers Obtained by ATRP: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, and Enzymatic Degradation》.Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) published the findings.Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Peptide-hybrid ABC block copolymers were synthesized by growing two different polymer chains from a native peptide using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). To this end, two different ATRP initiators were coupled via orthogonal methods to the N- and C-terminus of the peptide Ser-Gly-Pro-Gln-Gly-Ile-Phe-Gly-Gln-Met-Gly, a substrate for matrix metalloproteases 2 and 9. First, a hydrophilic block of poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) Me ether methacrylate) (pOEGMA) was polymerized from the peptide’s C-terminus. Before polymerization of the second block, the first living chain end was inactivated by substitution of its Cl-terminus with azide under mild conditions. Then, a thermosensitive block of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm) was polymerized from the peptide’s N-terminus. Well-defined polymers were obtained with good control over both block sizes. The resulting polymers self-assembled into micelles above the cloud point of the pNIPAm block. As anticipated, it was shown that the peptide linkage between the polymer blocks can be cut by a metalloprotease, leading to “”shedding”” of the corona of the micelles which makes these systems potentially suitable for enzyme-triggered drug delivery. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers. Ethers lack the hydroxyl groups of alcohols. Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate Without the strongly polarized O―H bond, ether molecules cannot engage in hydrogen bonding with each other.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2013,Mendez, Eladio; Moon, Joong Ho published 《Side chain and backbone structure-dependent subcellular localization and toxicity of conjugated polymer nanoparticles》.Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published the findings.HPLC of Formula: 139115-91-6 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The subcellular localization and toxicity of conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) are dependent on the chem. structure of the side chains and backbone. Primary amine-containing CPNs exhibit high Golgi localization with no toxicity. Incorporation of short ethylene oxide and tertiary amine side chains contributes to decreased Golgi localization and increased toxicity, resp. In addition to this study using tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate, there are many other studies that have used tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6HPLC of Formula: 139115-91-6) was used in this study.

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers. Ethers lack the hydroxyl groups of alcohols. Without the strongly polarized O―H bond, ether molecules cannot engage in hydrogen bonding with each other. HPLC of Formula: 139115-91-6

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2015,Sato, Norihiro; Tsuji, Genichiro; Sasaki, Yoshihiro; Usami, Akira; Moki, Takuma; Onizuka, Kazumitsu; Yamada, Ken; Nagatsugi, Fumi published 《A new strategy for site-specific alkylation of DNA using oligonucleotides containing an abasic site and alkylating probes》.Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published the findings.Computed Properties of C9H19NO4 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Selective chem. reactions with DNA, such as its labeling, are very useful in many applications. In this paper, we discuss a new strategy for the selective alkylation of DNA using an oligonucleotide containing an abasic site and alkylating probes. We designed three probes consisting of 2-AVP as a reactive moiety and three kinds of binding moiety with high affinity to duplex DNA. Among these probes, Hoechst-AVP probe exhibited high selectivity and efficient reactivity to thymine bases at the site opposite an abasic site in DNA. Our method is potentially useful for inducing site-directed reactions aimed at inhibiting polymerase reactions. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Computed Properties of C9H19NO4)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, thus the alpha hydrogens of ethers are more acidic than those of simple hydrocarbons. They are far less acidic than alpha hydrogens of carbonyl groups (such as in ketones or aldehydes), however. Computed Properties of C9H19NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2019,Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine included an article by Nicklas, Claudia; Rubio, Rocio; Cardenas, Consuelo; Hasson, Ariel. Safety of 6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid. The article was titled 《Comparison of efficacy of aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy vs. adapalene gel plus oral doxycycline for treatment of moderate acne vulgaris-A simple, blind, randomized, and controlled trial》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Although progress has been made in the study of photodynamic therapy for acne, studies using current recommended therapies as active comparators are lacking. Randomized, controlled trial involving 46 patients with moderate inflammatory facial acne, 23 patients received two sessions of PDT separated by 2 wk (ALA 20% incubated 1.5 h before red light irradiation with 37 J/cm2 fluence) and 23 patients received doxycycline 100 mg/d plus adapalene gel 0.1%. In both groups, from the sixth week, we started adapalene gel 0.1% as maintenance therapy until 12 wk of follow-up. Primary end point was the reduction of acne lesions at the 6-wk follow-up, which was evaluated by 2 investigators blinded to the intervention. The median percent reductions in noninflammatory lesion count (P = 0.013) and total lesions (P = 0.038) at 6 wk was found to be significantly higher in the group receiving PDT. At 12 wk there was a greater reduction of inflammatory lesions in PDT group with 84% vs. 74% for group who received doxycycline plus adapalene (P = 0.020) as well as in reducing total lesions with 79% vs. 67% resp. (P = 0.026). No severe side-effects were observed for either therapy. ALA-PDT offers promise as an alternative treatment for moderately severe inflammatory acne that has a higher effectiveness than the combination of doxycycline and adapalene gel in reducing noninflammatory and total lesions at 6 wk. There were significantly superior reductions at 12 wk in the combination of PDT group followed by adapalene gel in total, inflammatory, and noninflammatory lesions.6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid(cas: 106685-40-9Safety of 6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid) was used in this study.

6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid(cas:106685-40-9) may be used as a pharmaceutical reference standard for the quantification of the analyte in topical gel formulations using high-performance liquid chromatography technique.Safety of 6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2019,Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry included an article by Park, Junghwa; Park, Yongman; Kim, Dukjoon. Application of 33100-27-5. The article was titled 《Chemical stability enhancement of crown ether grafted sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) fuel cell membrane by cerium ion fixation》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

In operation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell or direct methanol fuel cell, ·OH radicals are the major cause for the degradation of polymer electrolyte membrane. In order to enhance its antioxidation stability, cerium ion (Ce3+, CE), an ·OH radical quencher, is introduced to membrane, as it converts the ·OH radicals into inactive chems. In this study, aminoethyl-15-crown-5 (CRE) is grafted on the sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) (SPAEK) to prevent the migration of CE ions from the membrane for long-term antioxidation stability, as CRE forms a coordination complex with CE. The chem. and phys. structures of the CRE grafted SPAEK are examined using proton NMR, energy dispersive X-ray, and small-angle X-ray scattering spectroscopy. The phys. properties of the CRE grafted SPAEK membrane are investigated and compared with those of the CRE blended and CE blended ones. While the grafting of CRE does not significantly affect the thermal and mech. and water uptake behaviors of membranes, it leads to a significant improvement of antidegrdn. effect compared with other blend systems according to Fenton’s test. The proton conductivity decreases with addition of CE but its effect is lessened by introduction of CRE. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018.1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5Application of 33100-27-5) was used in this study.

1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5) is a member of crown ether Ligands. Crown-ethers are macrocyclic polyethers capable of forming host-guest complexes, especially with inorganic and organic cations. Crown-ethers can incorporate protonated primary amine compounds by formation of ion-dipole bonds with the oxygen atoms of the chiral selector. Crown-ethers have been widely used for the separation of several pharmaceuticals both in aqueous and non-aqueous media. Application of 33100-27-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

《A Z-type PGeP pincer germylene ligand in a T-shaped palladium(0) complex》 was published in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2020. These research results belong to Cabeza, Javier A.; Garcia-Alvarez, Pablo; Laglera-Gandara, Carlos J.; Perez-Carreno, Enrique. Name: 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane The article mentions the following:

A dipyrromethane-based germylene decorated with two phosphine groups has been used to prepare an unusual T-shaped palladium(0) containing a PGeP pincer germylene that acts as a Z-type ligand. This compound is a strong reducing reagent, as it has been easily oxidized to germyl-palladium(II) derivatives with a gold(I) complex, HCl and Ph2S2 through processes that involve formal addition of a bond of the oxidant across the Ge-Pd bond. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7Name: 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane)

1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7) belongs to ethers.The C-O bonds that comprise simple ethers are strong. They are unreactive toward all but the strongest bases. Although generally of low chemical reactivity, they are more reactive than alkanes. Name: 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Nakamura, Kento; Kondo, Masaru; Krishnan, Chandu G.; Takizawa, Shinobu; Sasai, Hiroaki published their research in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2021. The article was titled 《Azopyridine-based chiral oxazolines with rare-earth metals for photoswitchable catalysis》.Product Details of 60656-87-3 The article contains the following contents:

An azopyridine-based oxazolines I [R = H, Me] was developed for utilizing azo group coordination and isomerization as a photoswitchable ligand. The ligand coordinated to rare-earth metal (RE) catalyst underwent efficient E/Z photoisomerization, suggesting tri- and bidentate coordination switching. The photoisomerization of the ligand enabled modulation of the enantioselectivity of an RE-catalyzed aminal forming reaction. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 2-(Benzyloxy)acetaldehyde(cas: 60656-87-3Product Details of 60656-87-3)

2-(Benzyloxy)acetaldehyde(cas: 60656-87-3) may be used in the following syntheses: (3S,5S)-methyl 6-benzyloxy-3,5-dihydroxyhexanoate ,(S)-5-benzyloxy-4-hydroxypentan-2-one, myxothiazols.Product Details of 60656-87-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Product Details of 882-33-7In 2020 ,《Visible light catalyzed anti-markovnikov hydration of styrene to 2-phenylethanol: From batch to continuous》 was published in Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, A: Chemistry. The article was written by Chen, Yuhang; Zhang, Jie; Tang, Zhiyong; Sun, Yuhan. The article contains the following contents:

The 2-phenylethanol production by traditional chem. methods requires multi-step reactions, in which harsh conditions such as high temperature or strong acid/base are required and undesired byproducts are easily produced. The visible light catalyzed anti-Markovnikov hydration of styrene is a single-step reaction using non-toxic catalyst under mild conditions. However, this reaction usually takes ten or even dozens of hours, facing the problem in scale up. The present work aims to intensify this reaction in continuous flow microreactor with comparison to traditional batch reactor. The effects of light source shape, reaction temperature, substrate concentration and catalyst concentration on the reaction were investigated. The continuous flow microreactor permitted to ensure more uniform light intensity and larger sp. surface area, the reaction rate could thus be enhanced. The maximum productivity of 2-phenylethanol was 0.122 mol/(L.h), which was 2.5 times higher than that obtained in test tube under the same reaction conditions and 34 times higher than that reported in previous literature. The optimal photosensitizer concentration was 2%. The increase of substrate concentration would lead to the addition reaction between styrene cationic intermediates with styrene, thereby decreasing the selectivity of 2-phenylethanol. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7Product Details of 882-33-7)

1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7) belongs to ethers. Ethers lack the hydroxyl groups of alcohols. Product Details of 882-33-7 Without the strongly polarized O―H bond, ether molecules cannot engage in hydrogen bonding with each other.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2019,Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology included an article by Bubic Pajic, Natasa; Ilic, Tanja; Nikolic, Ines; Dobricic, Vladimir; Pantelic, Ivana; Savic, Snezana. Quality Control of 6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid. The article was titled 《Alkyl polyglucoside-based adapalene-loaded microemulsions for targeted dermal delivery: Structure, stability and comparative biopharmaceutical characterization with a conventional dosage form》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Aiming to develop biocompatible microemulsions based on natural alkyl polyglucoside surfactant as prospective carriers for improved dermal delivery of adapalene, phase behavior and microstructure of pseudo-ternary oil/decyl glucoside/propylene glycol/water systems were evaluated. The chosen inverted bicontinuous formulations did not change their microstructure upon drug incorporation and remained stable during 1-yr period. Preliminary in vivo assessment of skin performances suggested satisfying safety profiles of placebo microemulsions, in spite of considerable changes in skin hydration and barrier function. Interestingly, despite lower in vitro drug release, the amount of adapalene penetrated into porcine skin under infinite dosing regime was higher from microemulsions than from com. drug product, reaching dermal retention enhancement ratio of 5.9. However, by changing exptl. conditions to the more realistic in-use situation, the amount of adapalene extracted from the stratum corneum was comparable for microemulsions and marketed product. Similarly, the drug deposition in hair follicles was slightly pronounced with novel microemulsion vehicles (183.30 ± 156.32 ng/cm2 and 167.39 ± 108.96 ng/cm2 vs. 157.00 ± 114.91 ng/cm2), highlighting the importance of proper selection of exptl. conditions when assessing trans(dermal) drug delivery. Consequently, our results suggest that alkyl polyglucoside based microemulsions are promising vehicles worth exploring further for targeted intraderdermal delivery of adapalene in acne treatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid(cas: 106685-40-9Quality Control of 6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid)

6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid(cas:106685-40-9) may be used as a pharmaceutical reference standard for the quantification of the analyte in topical gel formulations using high-performance liquid chromatography technique.Quality Control of 6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem